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This paper describes our submission of the WMT 2020 Shared Task on Sentence Level Direct Assessment, Quality Estimation (QE). In this study, we empirically reveal the \textit{mismatching issue} when directly adopting BERTScore to QE.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-13 Lei Zhou , Liang Ding , Koichi Takeda

Machine-translated benchmarks are widely used to assess the multilingual capabilities of large language models (LLMs), yet translation errors in these benchmarks remain underexplored, raising concerns about the reliability and comparability…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Klaudia-Doris Thellmann , Bernhard Stadler , Michael Färber , Jens Lehmann

Sentence-level Quality estimation (QE) of machine translation is traditionally formulated as a regression task, and the performance of QE models is typically measured by Pearson correlation with human labels. Recent QE models have achieved…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-20 Shuo Sun , Ahmed El-Kishky , Vishrav Chaudhary , James Cross , Francisco Guzmán , Lucia Specia

Neural machine translation systems estimate probabilities of target sentences given source sentences, yet these estimates may not align with human preferences. This work introduces QE-fusion, a method that synthesizes translations using a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Giorgos Vernikos , Andrei Popescu-Belis

It is expensive to evaluate the results of Machine Translation(MT), which usually requires manual translation as a reference. Machine Translation Quality Estimation (QE) is a task of predicting the quality of machine translations without…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-19 Lei Lin

Translation Quality Estimation is critical to reducing post-editing efforts in machine translation and to cross-lingual corpus cleaning. As a research problem, quality estimation (QE) aims to directly estimate the quality of translation in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-06 Mingjun Zhao , Haijiang Wu , Di Niu , Zixuan Wang , Xiaoli Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant potential as judges for Machine Translation (MT) quality assessment, providing both scores and fine-grained feedback. Although approaches such as GEMBA-MQM have shown state-of-the-art…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-17 Qingyu Lu , Liang Ding , Kanjian Zhang , Jinxia Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Quality estimation (QE) plays a crucial role in machine translation (MT) workflows, as it serves to evaluate generated outputs that have no reference translations and to determine whether human post-editing or full retranslation is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Assaf Siani , Anna Kernerman , Ilan Kernerman

Quality Estimation (QE) is the task of automatically predicting Machine Translation quality in the absence of reference translations, making it applicable in real-time settings, such as translating online social media conversations. Recent…

Quality Estimation (QE) is an important component of the machine translation workflow as it assesses the quality of the translated output without consulting reference translations. In this paper, we discuss our submission to the WMT 2021 QE…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-10 Shaika Chowdhury , Naouel Baili , Brian Vannah

Current Machine Translation (MT) systems achieve very good results on a growing variety of language pairs and datasets. However, they are known to produce fluent translation outputs that can contain important meaning errors, thus…

Despite the steady progress in machine translation evaluation, existing automatic metrics struggle to capture how well meaning is preserved beyond sentence boundaries. We posit that reliance on a single intrinsic quality score, trained to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Patrick Fernandes , Sweta Agrawal , Emmanouil Zaranis , André F. T. Martins , Graham Neubig

Quality estimation aims to measure the quality of translated content without access to a reference translation. This is crucial for machine translation systems in real-world scenarios where high-quality translation is needed. While many…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-02-09 Yi-Lin Tuan , Ahmed El-Kishky , Adithya Renduchintala , Vishrav Chaudhary , Francisco Guzmán , Lucia Specia

Recent studies have applied large language models (LLMs) to machine translation quality estimation (MTQE) by prompting models to assign numeric scores. Nonetheless, these direct scoring methods tend to show low segment-level correlation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Hyang Cui

Accurately evaluating machine-translated text remains a long-standing challenge, particularly for long documents. Recent work has shown that large language models (LLMs) can serve as reliable and interpretable sentence-level translation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Tobias Domhan , Dawei Zhu

Machine Translation (MT) and Quality Estimation (QE) perform well in general domains but degrade under domain mismatch. This dissertation studies how to adapt MT and QE systems to specialized domains through a set of data-focused…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-27 Javad Pourmostafa Roshan Sharami

Reinforcement learning has shown great promise in aligning language models with human preferences in a variety of text generation tasks, including machine translation. For translation tasks, rewards can easily be obtained from quality…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Gahyun Yoo , Jay Yoon Lee

Several neural-based metrics have been recently proposed to evaluate machine translation quality. However, all of them resort to point estimates, which provide limited information at segment level. This is made worse as they are trained on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-03-28 Taisiya Glushkova , Chrysoula Zerva , Ricardo Rei , André F. T. Martins

Quality Estimation (QE) plays an essential role in applications of Machine Translation (MT). Traditionally, a QE system accepts the original source text and translation from a black-box MT system as input. Recently, a few studies indicate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-16 Ke Wang , Yangbin Shi , Jiayi Wang , Yuqi Zhang , Yu Zhao , Xiaolin Zheng

[Abridged] Using a Large Language Model (LLM) as an automatic rater (LLM-as-a-judge) is cheap but potentially biased: some judges run lenient, others strict, the middle of the scale gets compressed, and verbose answers may be over-rewarded.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Andrea Morandi