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相关论文: No-Regret Strategy Solving in Imperfect-Informatio…

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Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) is the leading framework for solving large imperfect-information games. It converges to an equilibrium by iteratively traversing the game tree. In order to deal with extremely large games,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2019-05-23 Noam Brown , Adam Lerer , Sam Gross , Tuomas Sandholm

Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) is an efficient no-regret learning algorithm for decision problems modeled as extensive games. CFR's regret bounds depend on the requirement of perfect recall: players always remember information…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2012-05-04 Marc Lanctot , Richard Gibson , Neil Burch , Martin Zinkevich , Michael Bowling

Extensive-form games (EFGs) model finite sequential interactions between players. The amount of memory required to represent these games is the main bottleneck of algorithms for computing optimal strategies and the size of these strategies…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2020-04-16 Jiri Cermak , Viliam Lisy , Branislav Bosansky

Counterfactual regret minimization (CFR) is a family of iterative algorithms that are the most popular and, in practice, fastest approach to approximately solving large imperfect-information games. In this paper we introduce novel CFR…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2019-02-22 Noam Brown , Tuomas Sandholm

Imperfect Information Games (IIGs) offer robust models for scenarios where decision-makers face uncertainty or lack complete information. Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) has been one of the most successful family of algorithms for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Jiayu Chen , Zhekai Wang , Vaneet Aggarwal

Counterfactual regret minimization (CFR) is a family of algorithms for effectively solving imperfect-information games. To enhance CFR's applicability in large games, researchers use neural networks to approximate its behavior. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Hang Xu , Kai Li , Haobo Fu , Qiang Fu , Junliang Xing , Jian Cheng

Counterfactual Regret Minimization and variants (e.g. Public Chance Sampling CFR and Pure CFR) have been known as the best approaches for creating approximate Nash equilibrium solutions for imperfect information games such as poker. This…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2014-07-21 Oskari Tammelin

Poker, also known as Texas Hold'em, has always been a typical research target within imperfect information games (IIGs). IIGs have long served as a measure of artificial intelligence (AI) development. Representative prior works, such as…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-01-17 Chenghao Huang , Yanbo Cao , Yinlong Wen , Tao Zhou , Yanru Zhang

A dominant approach to solving large imperfect-information games is Counterfactural Regret Minimization (CFR). In CFR, many regret minimization problems are combined to solve the game. For very large games, abstraction is typically needed…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-02 Ryan D'Orazio , Dustin Morrill , James R. Wright

In many real-world scenarios, a team of agents coordinate with each other to compete against an opponent. The challenge of solving this type of game is that the team's joint action space grows exponentially with the number of agents, which…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-05-19 Shuxin Li , Youzhi Zhang , Xinrun Wang , Wanqi Xue , Bo An

Counterfactual regret minimization (CFR) is an effective algorithm for solving extensive games with imperfect information (IIEGs). However, CFR is only allowed to be applied in known environments, where the transition function of the chance…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Chen Qiu , Xuan Wang , Tianzi Ma , Yaojun Wen , Jiajia Zhang

Bayesian games model interactive decision-making where players have incomplete information -- e.g., regarding payoffs and private data on players' strategies and preferences -- and must actively reason and update their belief models (with…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2024-05-24 Zuyuan Zhang , Mahdi Imani , Tian Lan

Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) is the dominant algorithmic family for solving large imperfect-information games, underpinning breakthroughs such as Libratus and Pluribus in No-Limit Texas Hold'em poker. In real-time game-playing…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Boning Li , Longbo Huang

Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CRF) is a fundamental and effective technique for solving Imperfect Information Games (IIG). However, the original CRF algorithm only works for discrete state and action spaces, and the resulting strategy…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-12-31 Hui Li , Kailiang Hu , Zhibang Ge , Tao Jiang , Yuan Qi , Le Song

In general, two-agent decision-making problems can be modeled as a two-player game, and a typical solution is to find a Nash equilibrium in such game. Counterfactual regret minimization (CFR) is a well-known method to find a Nash…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2020-12-07 Huale Li , Xuan Wang , Shuhan Qi , Jiajia Zhang , Yang Liu , Yulin Wu , Fengwei Jia

Regret minimization has proved to be a versatile tool for tree-form sequential decision making and extensive-form games. In large two-player zero-sum imperfect-information games, modern extensions of counterfactual regret minimization (CFR)…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2021-03-09 Gabriele Farina , Tuomas Sandholm

Decomposition, i.e. independently analyzing possible subgames, has proven to be an essential principle for effective decision-making in perfect information games. However, in imperfect information games, decomposition has proven to be…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2014-04-22 Neil Burch , Michael Johanson , Michael Bowling

No-regret learning has emerged as a powerful tool for solving extensive-form games. This was facilitated by the counterfactual-regret minimization (CFR) framework, which relies on the instantiation of regret minimizers for simplexes at each…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2017-11-10 Gabriele Farina , Christian Kroer , Tuomas Sandholm

Counterfactual Regret Minimization(CFR) has shown its success in Texas Hold'em poker. We apply this algorithm to another popular incomplete information game, Mahjong. Compared to the poker game, Mahjong is much more complex with many…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-07-25 Shiheng Wang

Regret minimization is a powerful tool for solving large-scale extensive-form games. State-of-the-art methods rely on minimizing regret locally at each decision point. In this work we derive a new framework for regret minimization on…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2018-09-11 Gabriele Farina , Christian Kroer , Tuomas Sandholm
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