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Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) excel at complex reasoning tasks through extended chain-of-thought generation, but their reliance on lengthy intermediate steps incurs substantial computational cost. We find that the entropy of the model's…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Hongxi Yan , Qingjie Liu , Yunhong Wang

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has been used to learn effective heuristics for solving complex combinatorial optimisation problem via policy networks and have demonstrated promising performance. Existing works have focused on solving…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-25 Nasrin Sultana , Jeffrey Chan , A. K. Qin , Tabinda Sarwar

Exploration is essential for reinforcement learning (RL). To face the challenges of exploration, we consider a reward-free RL framework that completely separates exploration from exploitation and brings new challenges for exploration…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-11 Chuheng Zhang , Yuanying Cai , Longbo Huang , Jian Li

Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL), which operates solely on static datasets without further interactions with the environment, provides an appealing alternative to learning a safe and promising control policy. The prevailing methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Kun Wu , Yinuo Zhao , Zhiyuan Xu , Zhengping Che , Chengxiang Yin , Chi Harold Liu , Feiferi Feng , Jian Tang

Reasoning large language models (LLMs) excel in complex tasks, which has drawn significant attention to reinforcement learning (RL) for LLMs. However, existing approaches allocate an equal number of rollouts to all questions during the RL…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Mengqi Liao , Xiangyu Xi , Ruinian Chen , Jia Leng , Yangen Hu , Ke Zeng , Shuai Liu , Huaiyu Wan

Contrastive learning has achieved remarkable success in self-supervised representation learning, often guided by information-theoretic objectives such as mutual information maximization. Motivated by the limitations of static augmentations…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Jiansong Zhang , Zhuoqin Yang , Xu Wu , Xiaoling Luo , Peizhong Liu , Linlin Shen

Integrating expressive generative policies, such as flow-matching models, into offline reinforcement learning (RL) allows agents to capture complex, multi-modal behaviors. While Q-learning with Adjoint Matching (QAM) stabilizes policy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Abdelghani Ghanem , Mounir Ghogho

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) has increasingly become the focus of the artificial intelligent research due to its wide real-world applications where the collection of data may be difficult, time-consuming, or costly. In this paper, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-13 Chenyang Xi , Bo Tang , Jiajun Shen , Xinfu Liu , Feiyu Xiong , Xueying Li

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a central component of post-training for large language models (LLMs), particularly for complex reasoning tasks that require stable optimization over long generation horizons. However, achieving…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Yuepeng Sheng , Yuwei Huang , Shuman Liu , Anxiang Zeng , Haibo Zhang

Recently deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has achieved outstanding success on solving many difficult and large-scale RL problems. However the high sample cost required for effective learning often makes DRL unaffordable in resource-limited…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-09-06 Gang Chen , Yiming Peng , Mengjie Zhang

Policy gradient algorithms have driven many recent advancements in language model reasoning. An appealing property is their ability to learn from exploration on their own trajectories, a process crucial for fostering diverse and creative…

Multi-task IRL allows for the possibility that the expert could be switching between multiple ways of solving the same problem, or interleaving demonstrations of multiple tasks. The learner aims to learn the multiple reward functions that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-28 Saurabh Arora , Bikramjit Banerjee , Prashant Doshi

Safe Reinforcement Learning (RL) plays an important role in applying RL algorithms to safety-critical real-world applications, addressing the trade-off between maximizing rewards and adhering to safety constraints. This work introduces a…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-07-16 Fan Yang , Wenxuan Zhou , Zuxin Liu , Ding Zhao , David Held

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a powerful tool to perform data-driven optimal control without relying on a model of the system. However, RL struggles to provide hard guarantees on the behavior of the resulting control scheme. In contrast,…

系统与控制 · 计算机科学 2020-09-18 Sébastien Gros , Mario Zanon

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) and model-free reinforcement learning (MFRL) evolve along distinct paths but converge in the design of Dyna-Q [1]. However, modern RL methods still struggle with effective transferability across…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-18 Quanxi Zhou , Wencan Mao , Manabu Tsukada , John C. S. Lui , Yusheng Ji

Model-free reinforcement learning methods lack an inherent mechanism to impose behavioural constraints on the trained policies. Although certain extensions exist, they remain limited to specific types of constraints, such as value…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-28 Bram De Cooman , Johan Suykens

Reinforcement learning for large language models faces a fundamental trade-off between sample efficiency and asymptotic performance: strictly on-policy methods discard trajectories after a single update, while off-policy reuse introduces…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Changyu Chen , Xiting Wang , Rui Yan

Reinforcement learning (RL)-based driver assistance systems seek to improve fuel consumption via continual improvement of powertrain control actions considering experiential data from the field. However, the need to explore diverse…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-01-04 Habtamu Hailemichael , Beshah Ayalew , Lindsey Kerbel , Andrej Ivanco , Keith Loiselle

Safe reinforcement learning (RL) with hard constraint guarantees is a promising optimal control direction for multi-energy management systems. It only requires the environment-specific constraint functions itself a priori and not a complete…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-11-07 Glenn Ceusters , Muhammad Andy Putratama , Rüdiger Franke , Ann Nowé , Maarten Messagie

Soft Q-learning has emerged as a versatile model-free method for entropy-regularised reinforcement learning, optimising for returns augmented with a penalty on the divergence from a reference policy. Despite its success, the multi-step…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Pranav Mahajan , Ben Seymour