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Large language models (LLMs) have achieved notable progress. Despite their success, next-token prediction (NTP), the dominant method for LLM training and inference, is constrained in both contextual coverage and inference efficiency due to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Xiaohao Liu , Xiaobo Xia , Weixiang Zhao , Manyi Zhang , Xianzhi Yu , Xiu Su , Shuo Yang , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly powerful, the sequential nature of autoregressive generation creates a fundamental throughput bottleneck that limits the practical deployment. While Multi-Token Prediction (MTP) has…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-24 Yuxuan Cai , Xiaozhuan Liang , Xinghua Wang , Jin Ma , Haijin Liang , Jinwen Luo , Xinyu Zuo , Lisheng Duan , Yuyang Yin , Xi Chen

We systematically investigate multi-token prediction (MTP) capabilities within LLMs pre-trained for next-token prediction (NTP). We first show that such models inherently possess MTP capabilities via numerical marginalization over…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Somesh Mehra , Javier Alonso Garcia , Lukas Mauch

Probabilistic Circuits (PCs) are deep generative models that support exact and efficient probabilistic inference. Yet in autoregressive language modeling, PCs still lag behind Transformer-based large language models (LLMs), suggesting an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Zhiyu Zhao , Xuejie Liu , Muhan Zhang , Anji Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across diverse tasks but continue to struggle with learning transitive relations, a cornerstone for complex planning. To address this issue, we investigate the Multi-Token…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Qimin Zhong , Hao Liao , Siwei Wang , Mingyang Zhou , Xiaoqun Wu , Rui Mao , Wei Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess latent multi-token prediction (MTP) abilities despite being trained only for next-token generation. We introduce ESP (Embedding-Space Probing), a simple and training-free MTP method that probes an LLM…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Raghavv Goel , Mukul Gagrani , Mingu Lee , Chris Lott

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) based on the Transformer architecture have recently emerged as a dominant foundation model for a wide range of Natural Language Processing tasks. Nevertheless, their application in real-time scenarios…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-04 Coleman Hooper , Sehoon Kim , Hiva Mohammadzadeh , Hasan Genc , Kurt Keutzer , Amir Gholami , Sophia Shao

Long chain-of-thought reasoning has made autoregressive decoding the dominant inference cost of modern large language models. Existing methods target either the input side (latent compression) or the output side (speculative decoding and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Wenhui Tan , Minghao Li , Xiaoqian Ma , Siqi Fan , Xiusheng Huang , Liujie Zhang , Ruihua Song , Weihang Chen

Whether Large Language Models (LLMs) develop coherent internal world models remains a core debate. While conventional Next-Token Prediction (NTP) focuses on one-step-ahead supervision, Multi-Token Prediction (MTP) has shown promise in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Qimin Zhong , Hao Liao , Haiming Qin , Mingyang Zhou , Rui Mao , Wei Chen , Naipeng Chao

This paper presents "Predictive Pipelined Decoding (PPD)," an approach that speeds up greedy decoding in Large Language Models (LLMs) while maintaining the exact same output as the original decoding. Unlike conventional strategies, PPD…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-30 Seongjun Yang , Gibbeum Lee , Jaewoong Cho , Dimitris Papailiopoulos , Kangwook Lee

Multi-token prediction (MTP) is a recently proposed pre-training objective for language models. Rather than predicting only the next token (NTP), MTP predicts the next $k$ tokens at each prediction step, using multiple prediction heads. MTP…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Ansar Aynetdinov , Alan Akbik

Autoregressive decoding in language models is inherently slow, generating only one token per forward pass. We propose Parallel Token Prediction (PTP), a general-purpose framework for predicting multiple tokens in a single model call. PTP…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Felix Draxler , Justus Will , Farrin Marouf Sofian , Theofanis Karaletsos , Sameer Singh , Stephan Mandt

To mitigate the high inference latency stemming from autoregressive decoding in Large Language Models (LLMs), Speculative Decoding has emerged as a novel decoding paradigm for LLM inference. In each decoding step, this method first drafts…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Heming Xia , Zhe Yang , Qingxiu Dong , Peiyi Wang , Yongqi Li , Tao Ge , Tianyu Liu , Wenjie Li , Zhifang Sui

Next token prediction paradigm has been prevailing for autoregressive models in the era of LLMs. The current default sampling choice for popular LLMs is temperature scaling together with nucleus sampling to balance diversity and coherence.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-24 Yizhou Wang , Lingzhi Zhang , Yue Bai , Mang Tik Chiu , Zhengmian Hu , Mingyuan Zhang , Qihua Dong , Yu Yin , Sohrab Amirghodsi , Yun Fu

Current end-to-end spoken language models (SLMs) have made notable progress, yet they still encounter considerable response latency. This delay primarily arises from the autoregressive generation of speech tokens and the reliance on complex…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Yuhao Wang , Ziyang Cheng , Heyang Liu , Ronghua Wu , Qunshan Gu , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

The paradigm of Next Token Prediction (NTP) has driven the unprecedented success of Large Language Models (LLMs), but is also the source of their most persistent weaknesses such as poor long-term planning, error accumulation, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Charlie Wyatt , Aditya Joshi , Flora Salim

Speech large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a prominent research focus in speech processing. We introduce VocalNet-1B and VocalNet-8B, a series of high-performance, low-latency speech LLMs enabled by a scalable and model-agnostic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-23 Yuhao Wang , Heyang Liu , Ziyang Cheng , Ronghua Wu , Qunshan Gu , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

With the increasingly giant scales of (causal) large language models (LLMs), the inference efficiency comes as one of the core concerns along the improved performance. In contrast to the memory footprint, the latency bottleneck seems to be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-24 Chen Zhang , Zhuorui Liu , Dawei Song

Configuration-Constrained Tube Model Predictive Control (CCTMPC) offers flexibility by using a polytopic parameterization of invariant sets and the optimization of an associated vertex control law. This flexibility, however, often demands…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-21 Filippo Badalamenti , Sampath Kumar Mulagaleti , Mario Eduardo Villanueva , Boris Houska , Alberto Bemporad

We propose a robust model predictive control (MPC) method for discrete-time linear systems with polytopic model uncertainty and additive disturbances. Optimizing over linear time-varying (LTV) state feedback controllers has been…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-09-28 Shaoru Chen , Victor M. Preciado , Manfred Morari , Nikolai Matni
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