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Mixture of Experts (MoE) LLMs have recently gained attention for their ability to enhance performance by selectively engaging specialized subnetworks or "experts" for each input. However, deploying MoEs on memory-constrained devices remains…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained immense success in revolutionizing various applications, including content generation, search and recommendation, and AI-assisted operation. To reduce high training costs, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Hanfei Yu , Xingqi Cui , Hong Zhang , Hao Wang , Hao Wang

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is a neural architecture design that can be utilized to add learnable parameters to Large Language Models (LLMs) without increasing inference cost. Instruction tuning is a technique for training LLMs to…

Is it always necessary to compute tokens from shallow to deep layers in Transformers? The continued success of vanilla Transformers and their variants suggests an undoubted "yes". In this work, however, we attempt to break the depth-ordered…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-10 Zhuocheng Gong , Ang Lv , Jian Guan , Junxi Yan , Wei Wu , Huishuai Zhang , Minlie Huang , Dongyan Zhao , Rui Yan

Large language models (LLMs) are central to modern natural language processing, delivering exceptional performance in various tasks. However, their substantial computational and memory requirements present challenges, especially for devices…

While federated learning (FL) enables fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) without compromising data privacy, the substantial size of an LLM renders on-device training impractical for resource-constrained clients, such as mobile…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Zihan Fang , Zheng Lin , Senkang Hu , Yanan Ma , Yihang Tao , Yiqin Deng , Xianhao Chen , Yuguang Fang

Trainings of Large Language Models are generally bottlenecked by matrix multiplications. In the Transformer architecture, a large portion of these operations happens in the Feed Forward Network (FFN), and this portion increases for larger…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Meghana Madhyastha , Daniel Haziza , Jesse Cai , Newsha Ardalani , Zhiqi Bu , Carole-Jean Wu

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have become the dominant choice for scaling Large Language Models (LLMs), activating only a subset of parameters per token. While MoE architectures are primarily adopted for computational efficiency,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Jeremy Herbst , Stefan Wermter , Jae Hee Lee

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures face challenges such as high memory consumption and redundancy in experts. Pruning MoE can reduce network weights while maintaining model performance. Motivated by the recent observation of emergent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 Yanyue Xie , Zhi Zhang , Ding Zhou , Cong Xie , Ziang Song , Xin Liu , Yanzhi Wang , Xue Lin , An Xu

Lately, the practice of utilizing task-specific fine-tuning has been implemented to improve the performance of large language models (LLM) in subsequent tasks. Through the integration of diverse LLMs, the overall competency of LLMs is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-23 Mingyang Zhang , Jing Liu , Ganggui Ding , Xinyi Yu , Linlin Ou , Bohan Zhuang

Large language models (LLMs) solve problems more accurately and interpretably when instructed to work out the answer step by step using a ``chain-of-thought'' (CoT) prompt. One can also improve LLMs' performance on a specific task by…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known for their expensive and time-consuming training. Thus, oftentimes, LLMs are fine-tuned to address a specific task, given the pretrained weights of a pre-trained LLM considered a foundation model. In…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-05 Eshed Gal , Moshe Eliasof , Javier Turek , Uri Ascher , Eran Treister , Eldad Haber

By increasing model parameters but activating them sparsely when performing a task, the use of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture significantly improves the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) without increasing the inference…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Zeliang Zhang , Xiaodong Liu , Hao Cheng , Chenliang Xu , Jianfeng Gao

The large number of parameters in Pretrained Language Models enhance their performance, but also make them resource-intensive, making it challenging to deploy them on commodity hardware like a single GPU. Due to the memory and power…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-09 Zirui Liu , Qingquan Song , Qiang Charles Xiao , Sathiya Keerthi Selvaraj , Rahul Mazumder , Aman Gupta , Xia Hu

The development of large-scale foundation models, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), is constrained by significant computational and memory bottlenecks. These challenges elevate throughput optimization from a mere engineering task…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Mayank Jha

The computational and memory challenges of large language models (LLMs) have sparked several optimization approaches towards their efficient implementation. While prior LLM-targeted quantization, and prior works on sparse acceleration have…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Abhishek Moitra , Arkapravo Ghosh , Shrey Agarwal , Aporva Amarnath , Karthik Swaminathan , Priyadarshini Panda

The parameter size of modern large language models (LLMs) can be scaled up via the sparsely-activated Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) technique to avoid excessive increase of the computational costs. To further improve training efficiency,…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Yunqi Gao , Bing Hu , Mahdi Boloursaz Mashhadi , A-Long Jin , Yanfeng Zhang , Pei Xiao , Rahim Tafazolli , Merouane Debbah

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress but incur substantial computational overhead and energy consumption during inference, limiting deployment in resource-constrained environments. Spiking Neural…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Han Xu , Zhiyong Qin , Di Shang , Jiahong Zhang , Xuerui Qiu , Bo Lei , Tiejun Huang , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

Despite the remarkable performance of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) across diverse tasks, the substantial training and inference costs impede their advancement. In this paper, we propose p-MoD, an efficient MLLM architecture that…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Jun Zhang , Desen Meng , Zhengming Zhang , Zhenpeng Huang , Tao Wu , Limin Wang

The IEEE 802.11ac/n introduced frame aggregation technology to accommodate the growing traffic demand and increase the performance of transmission efficiency and channel utilization. This is achieved by allowing many packets to be…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2022-09-28 Lemlem Kassa , Jianhua Deng , Mark Davis , Jingye Cai