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Safety alignment mechanism are essential for preventing large language models (LLMs) from generating harmful information or unethical content. However, cleverly crafted prompts can bypass these safety measures without accessing the model's…

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain susceptible to jailbreak exploits that bypass safety filters and induce harmful or unethical behavior. This work presents a systematic taxonomy of existing jailbreak defenses across prompt-level,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Ryan Wong , Hosea David Yu Fei Ng , Dhananjai Sharma , Glenn Jun Jie Ng , Kavishvaran Srinivasan

The adoption of large language models (LLMs) in many applications, from customer service chat bots and software development assistants to more capable agentic systems necessitates research into how to secure these systems. Attacks like…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Erick Galinkin , Martin Sablotny

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and GPT-4, are designed to provide useful and safe responses. However, adversarial prompts known as 'jailbreaks' can circumvent safeguards, leading LLMs to generate potentially harmful content.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Peng Ding , Jun Kuang , Dan Ma , Xuezhi Cao , Yunsen Xian , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

Extensive work has been devoted to improving the safety mechanism of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, LLMs still tend to generate harmful responses when faced with malicious instructions, a phenomenon referred to as "Jailbreak…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-26 Yanrui Du , Sendong Zhao , Ming Ma , Yuhan Chen , Bing Qin

As deep learning advances, Large Language Models (LLMs) and their multimodal counterparts, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), have shown exceptional performance in many real-world tasks. However, MLLMs face significant security…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-23 Fenghua Weng , Yue Xu , Chengyan Fu , Wenjie Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to be susceptible to crafted adversarial attacks or jailbreaks that lead to the generation of objectionable content despite being aligned to human preferences using safety fine-tuning methods. While…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-26 Sravanti Addepalli , Yerram Varun , Arun Suggala , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Prateek Jain

Despite substantial efforts in safety alignment, recent research indicates that Large Language Models (LLMs) remain highly susceptible to jailbreak attacks. Among these attacks, finetuning-based ones that compromise LLMs' safety alignment…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Zhixin Xie , Xurui Song , Jun Luo

Jailbreaking large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a pressing concern with the increasing prevalence and accessibility of conversational LLMs. Adversarial users often exploit these models through carefully engineered prompts to elicit…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Sri Durga Sai Sowmya Kadali , Evangelos E. Papalexakis

The recent breakthrough in large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has revolutionized production processes at an unprecedented pace. Alongside this progress also comes mounting concerns about LLMs' susceptibility to jailbreaking…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-24 Tianrong Zhang , Bochuan Cao , Yuanpu Cao , Lu Lin , Prasenjit Mitra , Jinghui Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across diverse natural language processing tasks, but their growing power also amplifies potential risks such as jailbreak attacks that circumvent built-in safety mechanisms.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Qinjian Zhao , Jiaqi Wang , Zhiqiang Gao , Zhihao Dou , Belal Abuhaija , Kaizhu Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across various tasks, but their security vulnerabilities can be exploited by attackers to generate harmful content, causing adverse impacts across various societal…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-17 Fan Yang

Large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to sophisticated prompt engineering attacks that exploit contextual framing to bypass safety mechanisms, posing significant risks in cybersecurity applications. We introduce Jailbreak Mimicry,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Pavlos Ntais

Large Language Models (LLMs) are susceptible to adversarial attacks such as jailbreaking, which can elicit harmful or unsafe behaviors. This vulnerability is exacerbated in multilingual settings, where multilingual safety-aligned data is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Yahan Yang , Soham Dan , Shuo Li , Dan Roth , Insup Lee

Jailbreaking is an emerging adversarial attack that bypasses the safety alignment deployed in off-the-shelf large language models (LLMs) and has evolved into multiple categories: human-based, optimization-based, generation-based, and the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-06 Xunguang Wang , Daoyuan Wu , Zhenlan Ji , Zongjie Li , Pingchuan Ma , Shuai Wang , Yingjiu Li , Yang Liu , Ning Liu , Juergen Rahmel

This study reveals a critical safety blind spot in modern LLMs: learning-style queries, which closely resemble ordinary educational questions, can reliably elicit harmful responses. The learning-style queries are constructed by a novel…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 Xuan Luo , Yue Wang , Zefeng He , Geng Tu , Jing Li , Ruifeng Xu

As diverse linguistic communities and users adopt large language models (LLMs), assessing their safety across languages becomes critical. Despite ongoing efforts to make LLMs safe, they can still be made to behave unsafely with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-09 Fabio Pernisi , Dirk Hovy , Paul Röttger

In recent years, the security vulnerabilities of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become a serious concern in the Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) research. These highly intelligent models, capable of performing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 Badhan Chandra Das , Md Tasnim Jawad , Joaquin Molto , M. Hadi Amini , Yanzhao Wu

Jailbreaking is an emerging adversarial attack that bypasses the safety alignment deployed in off-the-shelf large language models (LLMs). A considerable amount of research exists proposing more effective jailbreak attacks, including the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-03-05 Daoyuan Wu , Shuai Wang , Yang Liu , Ning Liu

While defenses against single-turn jailbreak attacks on Large Language Models (LLMs) have improved significantly, multi-turn jailbreaks remain a persistent vulnerability, often achieving success rates exceeding 70% against models optimized…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Xiaoxue Yang , Jaeha Lee , Anna-Katharina Dick , Jasper Timm , Fei Xie , Diogo Cruz