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What latent features are encoded in language model (LM) representations? Recent work on training sparse autoencoders (SAEs) to disentangle interpretable features in LM representations has shown significant promise. However, evaluating the…

Reward modeling represents a long-standing challenge in reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) for aligning language models. Current reward modeling is heavily contingent upon experimental feedback data with high collection…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Hao Wang , Haocheng Yang , Licheng Pan , Lei Shen , Xiaoxi Li , Yinuo Wang , Zhichao Chen , Yuan Lu , Haoxuan Li , Zhouchen Lin

Multi-objective alignment aims to align LLM responses with multiple human preference objectives. Among existing methods, guiding the generation of frozen LLMs through autoregressive reward models (ARMs) to accomplish multi-objective…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Hongyan Xie , Yikun Ban , Ruiyu Fang , Zixuan Huang , Deqing Wang , Jianxin Li , Yitong Yao , Chao Wang , Shuangyong Song

The mechanisms behind multilingual capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) have been examined using neuron-based or internal-activation-based methods. However, these methods often face challenges such as superposition and layer-wise…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Boyi Deng , Yu Wan , Yidan Zhang , Baosong Yang , Fuli Feng

Inference-time alignment methods have gained significant attention for their efficiency and effectiveness in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, existing dominant approaches using reward-guided search…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Bin Xie , Bingbing Xu , Yige Yuan , Shengmao Zhu , Huawei Shen

This paper introduces an efficient and robust method for discovering interpretable circuits in large language models using discrete sparse autoencoders. Our approach addresses key limitations of existing techniques, namely computational…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-22 Charles O'Neill , Thang Bui

Deterministically controlling the target generation language of large multilingual language models (LLMs) remains a fundamental challenge, particularly in zero-shot settings where neither explicit language prompts nor fine-tuning are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Cheng-Ting Chou , George Liu , Jessica Sun , Cole Blondin , Kevin Zhu , Vasu Sharma , Sean O'Brien

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) are an interpretability technique aimed at decomposing neural network activations into interpretable units. However, a major bottleneck for SAE development has been the lack of high-quality performance metrics,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-02 Adam Karvonen , Can Rager , Samuel Marks , Neel Nanda

There is growing interest in leveraging mechanistic interpretability and controllability to better understand and influence the internal dynamics of large language models (LLMs). However, current methods face fundamental challenges in…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly trained in complex Reinforcement Learning, multi-agent environments, making it difficult to understand how behavior changes over training. Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have recently shown to be…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 John Yan , Michael Yu , Yuqi Sun , Alexander Duffy , Tyler Marques , Matthew Lyle Olson

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences is crucial for their deployment in real-world applications. Recent advancements in Self-Rewarding Language Models suggest that an LLM can use its internal reward models (such as…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Xin Zhou , Yiwen Guo , Ruotian Ma , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

This paper explores the combination of two intrinsic motivation strategies to improve the efficiency of reinforcement learning (RL) agents in environments with extreme sparse rewards, where traditional learning struggles due to infrequent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-27 André Quadros , Cassio Silva , Ronnie Alves

Recent advances in explainable machine learning have highlighted the potential of sparse autoencoders in uncovering mono-semantic features in densely encoded embeddings. While most research has focused on Large Language Model (LLM)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Daniel Pluth , Yu Zhou , Vijay K. Gurbani

Combining simple elements from the literature, we define a linear model that is geared toward sparse data, in particular implicit feedback data for recommender systems. We show that its training objective has a closed-form solution, and…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2019-05-10 Harald Steck

Large language models possess strong chemical reasoning capabilities, making them effective molecular editors. However, property-relevant information is implicitly entangled across their dense hidden states, providing no explicit handle for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Mingxu Zhang , Yuhan Li , Lujundong Li , Dazhong Shen , Hui Xiong , Ying Sun

Large language models are typically aligned with human preferences by optimizing $\textit{reward models}$ (RMs) fitted to human feedback. However, human preferences are multi-faceted, and it is increasingly common to derive reward from a…

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) aim to decompose the activation space of large language models (LLMs) into human-interpretable latent directions or features. As we increase the number of features in the SAE, hierarchical features tend to split…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 David Chanin , James Wilken-Smith , Tomáš Dulka , Hardik Bhatnagar , Satvik Golechha , Joseph Bloom

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have been proposed as an unsupervised approach to learn a decomposition of a model's latent space. This enables useful applications such as steering - influencing the output of a model towards a desired concept -…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Dana Arad , Aaron Mueller , Yonatan Belinkov

Responsible deployment of language models requires mechanisms for refusing unsafe prompts while preserving model performance. While most approaches modify model weights through additional training, we explore an alternative: steering model…

Latent steering exploits internal representations of Large Language Models (LLMs) to guide generation, yet interventions on dense states can entangle distinct semantic features. In this paper, we investigate attention query activations as a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Sumanta Bhattacharyya , Pedram Rooshenas