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Training a reinforcement learning agent on-policy means collecting fresh experience at every update, and that experience comes with a hidden problem. Each state in a rollout is the direct output of the previous one, causally chained…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Ajhesh Basnet

When designing algorithms for finite-time-horizon episodic reinforcement learning problems, a common approach is to introduce a fictitious discount factor and use stationary policies for approximations. Empirically, it has been shown that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-15 Xin Guo , Anran Hu , Junzi Zhang

We study the sample complexity of reducing reinforcement learning to a sequence of empirical risk minimization problems over the policy space. Such reductions-based algorithms exhibit local convergence in the function space, as opposed to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-26 Naman Agarwal , Brian Bullins , Karan Singh

Reinforcement learning is a promising approach to learning robotics controllers. It has recently been shown that algorithms based on finite-difference estimates of the policy gradient are competitive with algorithms based on the policy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-12 Osbert Bastani

Model-free reinforcement learning algorithms combined with value function approximation have recently achieved impressive performance in a variety of application domains. However, the theoretical understanding of such algorithms is limited,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-12 Botao Hao , Nevena Lazic , Yasin Abbasi-Yadkori , Pooria Joulani , Csaba Szepesvari

The vast majority of works on option pricing operate on the assumption of risk neutral valuation, and consequently focus on the expected value of option returns, and do not consider risk parameters, such as variance. We show that it is…

证券定价 · 定量金融 2012-04-17 Adi Ben-Meir , Jeremy Schiff

Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for enhancing the complex reasoning capabilities of Large Reasoning Models. However, standard outcome-based supervision suffers from a critical…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Yanwei Ren , Haotian Zhang , Likang Xiao , Xikai Zhang , Jiaxing Huang , Jiayan Qiu , Baosheng Yu , Quan Chen , Liu Liu

Despite the popularity of Shapley Values in explaining neural text classification models, computing them is prohibitive for large pretrained models due to a large number of model evaluations. In practice, Shapley Values are often estimated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-01 Chenghao Yang , Fan Yin , He He , Kai-Wei Chang , Xiaofei Ma , Bing Xiang

We propose a unified framework to study policy evaluation (PE) and the associated temporal difference (TD) methods for reinforcement learning in continuous time and space. We show that PE is equivalent to maintaining the martingale…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-02 Yanwei Jia , Xun Yu Zhou

Reinforcement learning (RL) is increasingly used to align large language models (LLMs). Off-policy methods offer greater implementation simplicity and data efficiency than on-policy techniques, but often result in suboptimal performance. In…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Charles Arnal , Gaëtan Narozniak , Vivien Cabannes , Yunhao Tang , Julia Kempe , Remi Munos

Simplicity is a critical inductive bias for designing data-driven controllers, especially when robustness is important. Despite the impressive results of deep reinforcement learning in complex control tasks, it is prone to capturing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-09 Bang You , Chenxu Wang , Huaping Liu

Off-policy updates are inevitable in reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models (LLMs) due to rollout staleness from asynchronous training and mismatches between training and inference engines. Naive importance sampling gives an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Guobin Shen , Chenxiao Zhao , Xiang Cheng , Lei Huang , Xing Yu

We consider the supervised learning problem of learning the price of an option or the implied volatility given appropriate input data (model parameters) and corresponding output data (option prices or implied volatilities). The majority of…

Offline Goal-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning (GCRL) holds great promise for domains such as autonomous navigation and locomotion, where collecting interactive data is costly and unsafe. However, it remains challenging in practice due to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Vittorio Giammarino , Ruiqi Ni , Ahmed H. Qureshi

Option-critic learning is a general-purpose reinforcement learning (RL) framework that aims to address the issue of long term credit assignment by leveraging temporal abstractions. However, when dealing with extended timescales, discounting…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-11-21 Akshay Dharmavaram , Matthew Riemer , Shalabh Bhatnagar

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) is a sample efficient technique to obtain control policies, yet unavoidable modeling errors often lead performance deterioration. The model in MBRL is often solely fitted to reconstruct dynamics,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-22 Claas Voelcker , Victor Liao , Animesh Garg , Amir-massoud Farahmand

We study reinforcement learning from human feedback in general Markov decision processes, where agents learn from trajectory-level preference comparisons. A central challenge in this setting is to design algorithms that select informative…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-05 Andreas Schlaginhaufen , Reda Ouhamma , Maryam Kamgarpour

Recent advances in Reinforcement Learning (RL) have underscored its potential for incentivizing reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing step-level efforts suffer from costly annotations that limit domain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Junjie Zhang , Guozheng Ma , Shunyu Liu , Zetian Hu , Yongcheng Jing , Ting-En Lin , Yongbin Li , Dacheng Tao

In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) systems with general goals beyond a cumulative sum of rewards have gained traction, such as in constrained problems, exploration, and acting upon prior experiences. In this paper, we consider…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-07 Junyu Zhang , Alec Koppel , Amrit Singh Bedi , Csaba Szepesvari , Mengdi Wang

Offline policy evaluation (OPE) is considered a fundamental and challenging problem in reinforcement learning (RL). This paper focuses on the value estimation of a target policy based on pre-collected data generated from a possibly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-13 Jiayi Wang , Zhengling Qi , Raymond K. W. Wong