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Government agencies typically need to take potential risks of disclosure into account whenever they publish statistics based on their data or give external researchers access to collected data. In this context, the promise of formal privacy…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-04-04 Joerg Drechsler

Machine learning techniques based on neural networks are achieving remarkable results in a wide variety of domains. Often, the training of models requires large, representative datasets, which may be crowdsourced and contain sensitive…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-12-21 Martín Abadi , Andy Chu , Ian Goodfellow , H. Brendan McMahan , Ilya Mironov , Kunal Talwar , Li Zhang

When differential privacy was created more than a decade ago, the motivating example was statistics published by an official statistics agency. In attempting to transition differential privacy from the academy to practice, the U.S. Census…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-09-10 Simson L. Garfinkel , John M. Abowd , Sarah Powazek

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) has become an essential strategy for adapting them to specialized tasks; however, this process introduces significant privacy challenges, as sensitive training data may be inadvertently memorized and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-02 Hao Du , Shang Liu , Yang Cao

Differential privacy (DP) is a mathematical privacy notion increasingly deployed across government and industry. With DP, privacy protections are probabilistic: they are bounded by the privacy budget parameter, $\epsilon$. Prior work in…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-03-02 Priyanka Nanayakkara , Mary Anne Smart , Rachel Cummings , Gabriel Kaptchuk , Elissa Redmiles

The notion of $\varepsilon$-differential privacy is a widely used concept of providing quantifiable privacy to individuals. However, it is unclear how to explain the level of privacy protection provided by a differential privacy mechanism…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-04-08 Saskia Nuñez von Voigt , Luise Mehner , Florian Tschorsch

Differential privacy, a notion of algorithmic stability, is a gold standard for measuring the additional risk an algorithm's output poses to the privacy of a single record in the dataset. Differential privacy is defined as the distance…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-07-05 Kamalika Chaudhuri , Jacob Imola , Ashwin Machanavajjhala

Differential privacy is a precise mathematical constraint meant to ensure privacy of individual pieces of information in a database even while queries are being answered about the aggregate. Intuitively, one must come to terms with what…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2016-08-15 Paul Cuff , Lanqing Yu

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years. However, alongside all its advancements, problems have also emerged, such as privacy violations, security issues and model fairness. Differential privacy,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-09-01 Tianqing Zhu , Dayong Ye , Wei Wang , Wanlei Zhou , Philip S. Yu

Large organizations that collect data about populations (like the US Census Bureau) release summary statistics that are used by multiple stakeholders for resource allocation and policy making problems. These organizations are also legally…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2021-11-08 David Pujol , Yikai Wu , Brandon Fain , Ashwin Machanavajjhala

Differential privacy is a restriction on data processing algorithms that provides strong confidentiality guarantees for individual records in the data. However, research on proper statistical inference, that is, research on properly…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-07-06 Joerg Drechsler , Ira Globus-Harris , Audra McMillan , Jayshree Sarathy , Adam Smith

Attacks that aim to identify the training data of public neural networks represent a severe threat to the privacy of individuals participating in the training data set. A possible protection is offered by anonymization of the training data…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-05-27 Daniel Bernau , Philip-William Grassal , Jonas Robl , Florian Kerschbaum

Differential privacy is a popular privacy model within the research community because of the strong privacy guarantee it offers, namely that the presence or absence of any individual in a data set does not significantly influence the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-02-09 Jordi Soria-Comas , Josep Domingo-Ferrer , David Sánchez , David Megías

Differential privacy is a popular privacy-enhancing technology that has been deployed both in industry and government agencies. Unfortunately, existing explanations of differential privacy fail to set accurate privacy expectations for data…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Mary Anne Smart , Priyanka Nanayakkara , Rachel Cummings , Gabriel Kaptchuk , Elissa Redmiles

Differentially private training algorithms provide protection against one of the most popular attacks in machine learning: the membership inference attack. However, these privacy algorithms incur a loss of the model's classification…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-10-13 Jiaxiang Liu , Simon Oya , Florian Kerschbaum

The authors discuss their experience applying differential privacy with a complex data set with the goal of enabling standard approaches to statistical data analysis. They highlight lessons learned and roadblocks encountered, distilling…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-10-02 Joshua Snoke , Claire McKay Bowen , Aaron R. Williams , Andrés F. Barrientos

Using real-world study data usually requires contractual agreements where research results may only be published in anonymized form. Requiring formal privacy guarantees, such as differential privacy, could be helpful for data-driven…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Jonas Allmann , Saskia Nuñez von Voigt , Florian Tschorsch

Differential Privacy (DP) is a widely adopted standard for privacy-preserving data analysis, but it assumes a uniform privacy budget across all records, limiting its applicability when privacy requirements vary with data values. Per-record…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Xinghe Chen , Dajun Sun , Quanqing Xu , Wei Dong

The growing development of artificial intelligence based solutions, together with privacy legislation, has driven the rise of the so-called privacy preserving machine learning architectures, such as federated learning. While federated…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Judith Sáinz-Pardo Díaz , Álvaro López García

Data mining information about people is becoming increasingly important in the data-driven society of the 21st century. Unfortunately, sometimes there are real-world considerations that conflict with the goals of data mining; sometimes the…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2019-05-27 Sam Fletcher , Md Zahidul Islam