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Proof assistants like Lean have revolutionized mathematical proof verification, ensuring high accuracy and reliability. Although large language models (LLMs) show promise in mathematical reasoning, their advancement in formal theorem…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-05-24 Huajian Xin , Daya Guo , Zhihong Shao , Zhizhou Ren , Qihao Zhu , Bo Liu , Chong Ruan , Wenda Li , Xiaodan Liang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant improvements in reasoning capabilities through supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning. However, when training reasoning models, these approaches are primarily applicable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-16 Yoichi Ishibashi , Taro Yano , Masafumi Oyamada

Due to limited supervised training data, large language models (LLMs) are typically pre-trained via a self-supervised "predict the next word" objective on a vast amount of unstructured text data. To make the resulting model useful to users,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Ajay Patel , Colin Raffel , Chris Callison-Burch

Prompt-tuning is an emerging strategy to adapt large language models (LLM) to downstream tasks by learning a (soft-)prompt parameter from data. Despite its success in LLMs, there is limited theoretical understanding of the power of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-07 Samet Oymak , Ankit Singh Rawat , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi , Christos Thrampoulidis

By simply composing prompts, developers can prototype novel generative applications with Large Language Models (LLMs). To refine prototypes into products, however, developers must iteratively revise prompts by evaluating outputs to diagnose…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-02-28 Tae Soo Kim , Yoonjoo Lee , Jamin Shin , Young-Ho Kim , Juho Kim

Tables are a fundamental medium for organizing and analyzing data, making table reasoning a critical capability for intelligent systems. Although large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong general reasoning abilities, they still struggle…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Lang Cao , Jingxian Xu , Hanbing Liu , Jinyu Wang , Mengyu Zhou , Haoyu Dong , Shi Han , Dongmei Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) often generate substantively relevant content but fail to adhere to formal constraints, leading to outputs that are conceptually correct but procedurally flawed. Traditional prompt refinement approaches focus on…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Alberto Purpura , Li Wang , Sahil Badyal , Eugenio Beaufrand , Adam Faulkner

Understanding the contents of multimodal documents is essential to accurately extract relevant evidence and use it for reasoning. Existing document understanding models tend to generate answers with a single word or phrase directly,…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-08-15 Jinxu Zhang

Supervised fine-tuning with synthesized instructions has been a common practice for adapting LLMs to domain-specific QA tasks. However, the synthesized instructions deviate from real user questions and expected answers. This study proposes…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Yang Li , Mingxuan Luo , Yeyun Gong , Chen Lin , Jian Jiao , Yi Liu , Kaili Huang

Large language models (LLMs) are highly sensitive to subtle changes in prompt phrasing, posing challenges for reliable auditing. Prior methods often apply unconstrained prompt paraphrasing, which risk missing linguistic and demographic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Cléa Chataigner , Rebecca Ma , Prakhar Ganesh , Yuhao Chen , Afaf Taïk , Elliot Creager , Golnoosh Farnadi

Large language models (LLMs) are being used in many applications and prompts for these models are integrated into software applications as code-like artifacts. These prompts behave much like traditional software in that they take inputs,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Reshabh K Sharma , Jonathan De Halleux , Shraddha Barke , Dan Grossman , Benjamin Zorn

Despite the impressive performance of large language models (LLMs) in general domains, they often underperform in specialized domains. Existing approaches typically rely on data synthesis methods and yield promising results by using…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 Xiaopeng Ke , Hexuan Deng , Xuebo Liu , Jun Rao , Zhenxi Song , Jun Yu , Min Zhang

Although many AI applications of interest require specialized multi-modal models, relevant data to train such models is inherently scarce or inaccessible. Filling these gaps with human annotators is prohibitively expensive, error-prone, and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Tim R. Davidson , Benoit Seguin , Enrico Bacis , Cesar Ilharco , Hamza Harkous

Recent advances in few-shot question answering (QA) mostly rely on the power of pre-trained large language models (LLMs) and fine-tuning in specific settings. Although the pre-training stage has already equipped LLMs with powerful reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-29 Xiusi Chen , Jyun-Yu Jiang , Wei-Cheng Chang , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Hsiang-Fu Yu , Wei Wang

The increasing reliance on Large Language Models (LLMs) in sensitive domains like finance necessitates robust methods for privacy preservation and regulatory compliance. This paper presents an iterative meta-prompting methodology designed…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Sayash Raaj Hiraou

Instruction tuning improves the performance of large language models (LLMs), but it heavily relies on high-quality training data. Recently, LLMs have been used to synthesize instruction data using seed question-answer (QA) pairs. However,…

The ability of generative language models (GLMs) to generate text has improved considerably in the last few years, enabling their use for generative data augmentation. In this work, we propose CONDA, an approach to further improve GLMs'…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-26 Dheeraj Mekala , Tu Vu , Timo Schick , Jingbo Shang

In mathematical reasoning tasks, the advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) relies heavily on high-quality training data with clearly defined and well-graded difficulty levels. However, existing data synthesis methods often suffer from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Xuchen Li , Jing Chen , Xuzhao Li , Hao Liang , Xiaohuan Zhou , Taifeng Wang , Wentao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) with extended context windows enable tasks requiring extensive information integration but are limited by the scarcity of high-quality, diverse datasets for long-context instruction tuning. Existing data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Jiaxi Li , Xingxing Zhang , Xun Wang , Xiaolong Huang , Li Dong , Liang Wang , Si-Qing Chen , Wei Lu , Furu Wei

Automated fact-checking benchmarks have largely ignored the challenge of verifying claims against real-world, high-volume structured data, instead focusing on small, curated tables. We introduce a new large-scale, multilingual dataset to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Jacob Devasier , Akshith Putta , Qing Wang , Alankrit Moses , Chengkai Li