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Class Activation Mapping (CAM) and its gradient-based variants (e.g., GradCAM) have become standard tools for explaining Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) predictions. However, these approaches typically focus on individual logits, while…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Jacob Piland , Chris Sweet , Adam Czajka

Deep classifiers have achieved great success in visual recognition. However, real-world data is long-tailed by nature, leading to the mismatch between training and testing distributions. In this report, we introduce Balanced Activation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-08-26 Jiawei Ren , Cunjun Yu , Zhongang Cai , Haiyu Zhao

Visual explanation maps enhance the trustworthiness of decisions made by deep learning models and offer valuable guidance for developing new algorithms in image recognition tasks. Class activation maps (CAM) and their variants (e.g.,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Yi Liao , Ugochukwu Ejike Akpudo , Jue Zhang , Yongsheng Gao , Jun Zhou , Wenyi Zeng , Weichuan Zhang

Deep learning opacity often impedes deployment in high-stakes domains. We propose a training framework that aligns model focus with class-representative features without requiring pixel-level annotations. To this end, we introduce…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-16 Giacomo Ignesti , Davide Moroni , Massimo Martinelli

Class Activation Mapping (CAM) methods are widely applied in weakly supervised learning tasks due to their ability to highlight object regions. However, conventional CAM methods highlight only the most discriminative regions of the target.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Qingdong Cai , Charith Abhayaratne

Decisions made by convolutional neural networks(CNN) can be understood and explained by visualizing discriminative regions on images. To this end, Class Activation Map (CAM) based methods were proposed as powerful interpretation tools,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-07-12 Yi Liao , Yongsheng Gao , Weichuan Zhang

Interpretation of deep learning remains a very challenging problem. Although the Class Activation Map (CAM) is widely used to interpret deep model predictions by highlighting object location, it fails to provide insight into the salient…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Yuguang Yang , Runtang Guo , Sheng Wu , Yimi Wang , Juan Zhang , Xuan Gong , Baochang Zhang

As the request for deep learning solutions increases, the need for explainability is even more fundamental. In this setting, particular attention has been given to visualization techniques, that try to attribute the right relevance to each…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-04-22 Samuele Poppi , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Class activation map (CAM) has been widely used to highlight image regions that contribute to class predictions. Despite its simplicity and computational efficiency, CAM often struggles to identify discriminative regions that distinguish…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Ziheng Zhang , Jianyang Gu , Arpita Chowdhury , Zheda Mai , David Carlyn , Tanya Berger-Wolf , Yu Su , Wei-Lun Chao

The need for Explainable AI is increasing with the development of deep learning. The saliency maps derived from convolutional neural networks generally fail in localizing with accuracy the image features justifying the network prediction.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-05-09 Alexandre Englebert , Olivier Cornu , Christophe De Vleeschouwer

In state-of-the-art deep learning for object recognition, SoftMax and Sigmoid functions are most commonly employed as the predictor outputs. Such layers often produce overconfident predictions rather than proper probabilistic scores, which…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-05-13 Gledson Melotti , Cristiano Premebida , Jordan J. Bird , Diego R. Faria , Nuno Gonçalves

Training stable biological foundation models requires rethinking attention mechanisms: we find that using sigmoid attention as a drop in replacement for softmax attention a) produces better learned representations: on six diverse…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Vijay Sadashivaiah , Georgios Dasoulas , Judith Mueller , Soumya Ghosh

Interpreting complex deep networks, notably pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs), is a formidable challenge. Current Class Activation Map (CAM) methods highlight regions revealing the model's decision-making basis but lack clear…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Yuguang Yang , Runtang Guo , Sheng Wu , Yimi Wang , Linlin Yang , Bo Fan , Jilong Zhong , Juan Zhang , Baochang Zhang

Interpreting the decision-making process of deep convolutional neural networks remains a central challenge in achieving trustworthy and transparent artificial intelligence. Explainable AI (XAI) techniques, particularly Class Activation Map…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Hajar Dekdegue , Moncef Garouani , Josiane Mothe , Jordan Bernigaud

While deep learning techniques have provided the state-of-the-art performance in various clinical tasks, explainability regarding their decision-making process can greatly enhance the credence of these methods for safer and quicker clinical…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-08-30 Zirui Qiu , Hassan Rivaz , Yiming Xiao

Recently, fully-connected and convolutional neural networks have been trained to achieve state-of-the-art performance on a wide variety of tasks such as speech recognition, image classification, natural language processing, and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-02-24 Yichuan Tang

Class activation maps are widely used for explaining deep neural networks. Due to its ability to highlight regions of interest, it has evolved in recent years as a key step in weakly supervised learning. A major limitation to the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-07 Hang-Cheng Dong , Yuhao Jiang , Yingyan Huang , Jingxiao Liao , Bingguo Liu , Dong Ye , Guodong Liu

Class activation mapping~(CAM), a visualization technique for interpreting deep learning models, is now commonly used for weakly supervised semantic segmentation~(WSSS) and object localization~(WSOL). It is the weighted aggregation of the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-09-08 Jiatai Lin , Guoqiang Han , Xuemiao Xu , Changhong Liang , Tien-Tsin Wong , C. L. Philip Chen , Zaiyi Liu , Chu Han

Deep classifiers have achieved great success in visual recognition. However, real-world data is long-tailed by nature, leading to the mismatch between training and testing distributions. In this paper, we show that the Softmax function,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-11-24 Jiawei Ren , Cunjun Yu , Shunan Sheng , Xiao Ma , Haiyu Zhao , Shuai Yi , Hongsheng Li

Deep neural networks often severely forget previously learned knowledge when learning new knowledge. Various continual learning (CL) methods have been proposed to handle such a catastrophic forgetting issue from different perspectives and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-14 Chao Wu , Xiaobin Chang , Ruixuan Wang
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