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Critique-guided reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for training LLM agents by augmenting sparse outcome rewards with natural-language feedback. However, current methods often rely on static or offline critic…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Zhicong Li , Lingjie Jiang , Yulan Hu , Xingchen Zeng , Yixia Li , Xiangwen Zhang , Guanhua Chen , Zheng Pan , Xin Li , Yong Liu

Group-Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has emerged as an efficient paradigm for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs), yet its efficacy is primarily confined to domains with verifiable ground truths. Extending GRPO to open-domain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Yang Zhao , Hepeng Wang , Xiao Ding , Yangou Ouyang , Bibo Cai , Kai Xiong , Jinglong Gao , Zhouhao Sun , Li Du , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become central to enhancing reasoning in large language models (LLMs). Yet on-policy algorithms such as Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) often suffer in early training: noisy gradients from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Ziyan Wang , Zheng Wang , Xingwei Qu , Qi Cheng , Jie Fu , Shengpu Tang , Minjia Zhang , Xiaoming Huo

Generative control policies (GCPs), such as diffusion- and flow-based control policies, have emerged as effective parameterizations for robot learning. This work introduces Off-policy Generative Policy Optimization (OGPO), a…

Group-Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is a key technique for training large reasoning models, yet it suffers from a critical vulnerability: the \emph{Think-Answer Mismatch}, where noisy reward signals corrupt the learning process. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Si Shen , Peijun Shen , Wenhua Zhao , Danhao Zhu

The effective training of Large Language Models (LLMs) for function calling faces a critical challenge: balancing exploration of complex reasoning paths with stable policy optimization. Standard methods like Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT)…

Reinforcement learning is widely used to improve the reasoning ability of large language models, especially when answers can be automatically checked. Standard GRPO-style training updates the model using only the current step, while full…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Ismam Nur Swapnil , Aranya Saha , Tanvir Ahmed Khan , Mohammad Ariful Haque , Ser-Nam Lim

While reinforcement learning methods such as Group Relative Preference Optimization (GRPO) have significantly enhanced Large Language Models, adapting them to diffusion models remains challenging. In particular, GRPO demands a stochastic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Yihong Luo , Tianyang Hu , Jing Tang

Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL) have achieved great successes by leveraging the multimodality and exploration capability of diffusion policies. Among these approaches, one representative branch focuses on the sampling-based…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Shutong Ding , Zejia Zhong , Zhongyi Wang , Ke Hu , Bikang Pan , Jingya Wang , Ye Shi

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has recently emerged as a practical recipe for aligning large language models with verifiable objectives. However, under sparse terminal rewards, GRPO often stalls because rollouts within a group…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Baohao Liao , Hanze Dong , Xinxing Xu , Christof Monz , Jiang Bian

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has made significant strides in various domains, and policy gradient methods like Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) have gained popularity due to their balance in performance, training stability, and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Andrei Cozma , Landon Harris , Hairong Qi

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is among the most widely used algorithms in reinforcement learning, which achieves state-of-the-art performance in many challenging problems. The keys to its success are the reliable policy updates through…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-02 Mónika Farsang , Luca Szegletes

We study reinforcement learning (RL) in the setting of continuous time and space, for an infinite horizon with a discounted objective and the underlying dynamics driven by a stochastic differential equation. Built upon recent advances in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-19 Hanyang Zhao , Wenpin Tang , David D. Yao

This work considers the problem of learning cooperative policies in multi-agent settings with partially observable and non-stationary environments without a communication channel. We focus on improving information sharing between agents and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-03 Eshagh Kargar , Ville Kyrki

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has significantly advanced the training of large language models and enhanced their reasoning capabilities, while it remains susceptible to instability due to the use of hard clipping. Soft Adaptive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Egor Denisov , Svetlana Glazyrina , Maksim Kryzhanovskiy , Roman Ischenko

Critic-free methods like GRPO reduce memory demands by estimating advantages from multiple rollouts but tend to converge slowly, as critical learning signals are diluted by an abundance of uninformative samples and tokens. To tackle this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Chao Wang , Tao Yang , Hongtao Tian , Yunsheng Shi , Qiyao Ma , Xiaotao Liu , Ting Yao , Wenbo Ding

Group-advantage-based reinforcement learning methods, such as GRPO and DAPO, have demonstrated strong performance across diverse domains, including mathematical reasoning and text-to-image generation. However, their reliance on sample-level…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Shufan Li , Konstantinos Kallidromitis , Akash Gokul Yusuke Kato , Kazuki Kozuka , Aditya Grover

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback~(RLHF) plays a crucial role in aligning Large Language Models~(LLMs). The dominant algorithm, Proximal Policy Optimization~(PPO), employs a critic network to estimate advantages, which introduces…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Jian Hu , Jason Klein Liu , Haotian Xu , Wei Shen

Inspired by the principle of self-regulating cooperation in collective institutions, we propose the Group Relative Policy Optimization with Global Cooperation Constraint (GRPO-GCC) framework. This work is the first to introduce GRPO into…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Zhaoqilin Yang , Chanchan Li , Tianqi Liu , Hongxin Zhao , Youliang Tian

Model-free reinforcement learning algorithms have seen remarkable progress, but key challenges remain. Trust Region Policy Optimization (TRPO) is known for ensuring monotonic policy improvement through conservative updates within a trust…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Zhengpeng Xie , Qiang Zhang , Fan Yang , Marco Hutter , Renjing Xu