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Fine-tuning pre-trained models has become the standard approach to endow them with specialized knowledge, but it poses fundamental challenges. In particular, \textit{(i)} fine-tuning often leads to catastrophic forgetting, where…

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in complex reasoning tasks like mathematical problem-solving. However, existing research predominantly relies on reinforcement learning (RL) frameworks…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 ShaoZhen Liu , Xinting Huang , Houwen Peng , Xin Chen , Xinyang Song , Qi Li , Zhenan Sun

Model merging has gained increasing attention due to its intriguing property: interpolating the parameters of different task-specific fine-tuned models leads to multi-task abilities. However, despite its empirical success, the underlying…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Zijun Chen , Zhanpeng Zhou , Bo Zhang , Weinan Zhang , Xi Sun , Junchi Yan

While large language models (LLMs) fine-tuned with lightweight adapters achieve strong performance across diverse tasks, their performance on individual tasks depends on the fine-tuning strategy. Fusing independently trained models with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Sanae Lotfi , Lucas Caccia , Alessandro Sordoni , Jordan T. Ash , Miroslav Dudik

Recent advancements highlight the success of instruction tuning with large language models (LLMs) utilizing Chain-of-Thought (CoT) data for mathematical reasoning tasks. Despite the fine-tuned LLMs, challenges persist, such as incorrect,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-28 Yongwei Zhou , Tiejun Zhao

Deep model merging represents an emerging research direction that combines multiple fine-tuned models to harness their specialized capabilities across different tasks and domains. Current model merging techniques focus on merging all…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-17 Anke Tang , Enneng Yang , Li Shen , Yong Luo , Han Hu , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

Model merging enables the combination of multiple specialized expert models into a single model capable of performing multiple tasks. However, the benefits of merging an increasing amount of specialized experts generally lead to diminishing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Ronald Skorobogat , Karsten Roth , Mariana-Iuliana Georgescu

Multi-task learning (MTL) concurrently trains a model on diverse task datasets to exploit common features, thereby improving overall performance across the tasks. Recent studies have dedicated efforts to merging multiple independent model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Bingjie Zhang , Hongkang Li , Changlong Shi , Guowei Rong , He Zhao , Dongsheng Wang , Dandan Guo , Meng Wang

In Continual Learning (CL), a model is required to learn a stream of tasks sequentially without significant performance degradation on previously learned tasks. Current approaches fail for a long sequence of tasks from diverse domains and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-29 Iordanis Fostiropoulos , Jiaye Zhu , Laurent Itti

While fine-tuning pretrained models has become common practice, these models often underperform outside their specific domains. Recently developed model merging techniques enable the direct integration of multiple models, each fine-tuned…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-04 Guodong Du , Junlin Lee , Jing Li , Runhua Jiang , Yifei Guo , Shuyang Yu , Hanting Liu , Sim Kuan Goh , Ho-Kin Tang , Daojing He , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential across various domains, particularly in banking and finance, where they can automate complex tasks and enhance decision-making at scale. Due to privacy, security, and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain heavily centered on English, with limited performance in low-resource languages. Existing adaptation approaches, such as continual pre-training, demand significant computational resources. In the case of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Eneko Valero , Maria Ribalta i Albado , Oscar Sainz , Naiara Perez , German Rigau

Transfer learning - i.e., further fine-tuning a pre-trained model on a downstream task - can confer significant advantages, including improved downstream performance, faster convergence, and better sample efficiency. These advantages have…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-30 Prateek Yadav , Derek Tam , Leshem Choshen , Colin Raffel , Mohit Bansal

The transition from System 1 to System 2 reasoning in large language models (LLMs) has marked significant advancements in handling complex tasks through deliberate, iterative thinking. However, this progress often comes at the cost of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Han Wu , Yuxuan Yao , Shuqi Liu , Zehua Liu , Xiaojin Fu , Xiongwei Han , Xing Li , Hui-Ling Zhen , Tao Zhong , Mingxuan Yuan

A common challenge towards the adaptability of Large Language Models (LLMs) is their ability to learn new languages over time without hampering the model's performance on languages in which the model is already proficient (usually English).…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Divyanshu Aggarwal , Sankarshan Damle , Navin Goyal , Satya Lokam , Sunayana Sitaram

Continual learning (CL) has emerged as a pivotal paradigm to enable large language models (LLMs) to dynamically adapt to evolving knowledge and sequential tasks while mitigating catastrophic forgetting-a critical limitation of the static…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Hongyang Chen , Zhongwu Sun , Hongfei Ye , Kunchi Li , Xuemin Lin

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved success across various domains. However, their applicability tends to degrade when confronted with different types of data inputs, especially for MLLMs that have been fine-tuned for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-02 Yang Dai , Jianxiang An , Tianwei Lin , Hongyang He , Hongzhe Huang , Wenqiao Zhang , Zheqi Lv , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang

Multi-task learning (MTL) aims at achieving a better model by leveraging data and knowledge from multiple tasks. However, MTL does not always work -- sometimes negative transfer occurs between tasks, especially when aggregating loosely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-24 Jingwei Ni , Zhijing Jin , Qian Wang , Mrinmaya Sachan , Markus Leippold

Recent state-of-the-art language models utilize a two-phase training procedure comprised of (i) unsupervised pre-training on unlabeled text, and (ii) fine-tuning for a specific supervised task. More recently, many studies have been focused…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-11-15 Itzik Malkiel , Lior Wolf

Multi-task model merging offers an efficient solution for integrating knowledge from multiple fine-tuned models, mitigating the significant computational and storage demands associated with multi-task training. As a key technique in this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Wenju Sun , Qingyong Li , Wen Wang , Yangli-ao Geng , Boyang Li