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The Transformer architecture has revolutionized deep learning, delivering the state-of-the-art performance in areas such as natural language processing, computer vision, and time series prediction. However, its core component,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-24 Haolin Jin , Mengbai Xiao , Yuan Yuan , Xiao Zhang , Dongxiao Yu , Guanghui Zhang , Haoliang Wang

We present FlexLLM, a composable High-Level Synthesis (HLS) library for rapid development of domain-specific LLM accelerators. FlexLLM exposes key architectural degrees of freedom for stage-customized inference, enabling hybrid designs that…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-01-23 Jiahao Zhang , Zifan He , Nicholas Fraser , Michaela Blott , Yizhou Sun , Jason Cong

The development of large language models (LLMs) has been instrumental in advancing state-of-the-art natural language processing applications. Training LLMs with billions of parameters and trillions of tokens require sophisticated…

Transformers have achieved widespread and remarkable success, while the computational complexity of their attention modules remains a major bottleneck for vision tasks. Existing methods mainly employ 8-bit or 4-bit quantization to balance…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Chaodong Xiao , Zhengqiang Zhang , Lei Zhang

We present a Transformer architecture for long-context language modeling that combines global attention with two biologically inspired components: chunked local attention and a gated FIFO memory mechanism. This unified attention block…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-02 Ankit Kashyap

Efficient inference on GPUs using large language models remains challenging due to memory bandwidth limitations, particularly during data transfers between High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) and SRAM in attention computations. Approximate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Nirav Koley , Prajwal Singhania , Abhinav Bhatele

Due to the remarkable capabilities of powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) in effectively following instructions, there has been a growing number of assistants in the community to assist humans. Recently, significant progress has been made…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-11-07 Fangyuan Zhang , Tingting Liang , Zhengyuan Wu , Yuyu Yin

Leveraging attention sparsity to accelerate long-context large language models (LLMs) has been a hot research topic. However, current algorithms such as sparse attention or key-value (KV) cache compression tend to use a fixed budget, which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Chaofan Lin , Jiaming Tang , Shuo Yang , Hanshuo Wang , Tian Tang , Boyu Tian , Ion Stoica , Song Han , Mingyu Gao

Transformer is a powerful architecture that achieves superior performance on various sequence learning tasks, including neural machine translation, language understanding, and sequence prediction. At the core of the Transformer is the…

CLIP's success has demonstrated that prompt tuning can achieve robust cross-modal semantic alignment for tasks ranging from open-domain recognition to fine-grained classification. However, redundant or weakly relevant feature components…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Yutong Gao , Maoyuan Shao , Xinyang Huang , Chuang Zhu , Lijuan Sun , Yu Weng , Xuan Liu , Guoshun Nan

The massive amount of trainable parameters in the pre-trained language models (PLMs) makes them hard to be deployed to multiple downstream tasks. To address this issue, parameter-efficient transfer learning methods have been proposed to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-27 Yifan Chen , Devamanyu Hazarika , Mahdi Namazifar , Yang Liu , Di Jin , Dilek Hakkani-Tur

Softmax-based dot-product attention is a cornerstone of Transformer architectures, enabling remarkable capabilities such as in-context learning. However, as context lengths increase, a fundamental limitation of the softmax function emerges:…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Sai Surya Duvvuri , Nirmal Patel , Nilesh Gupta , Inderjit S. Dhillon

Prevailing joint prediction transformers for Video Highlight Detection and Moment Retrieval (HD/MR) exhibit deficiencies in handling cross-task dynamics, achieving robust video-text alignment, and utilizing effective attention mechanisms,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Dhiman Paul , Md Rizwan Parvez , Nabeel Mohammed , Shafin Rahman

Softmax Attention has a quadratic time complexity in sequence length, which becomes prohibitive to run at long contexts, even with highly optimized GPU kernels. For example, FlashAttention-2/3 (exact, GPU-optimized implementations of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Sahil Joshi , Agniva Chowdhury , Amar Kanakamedala , Ekam Singh , Evan Tu , Anshumali Shrivastava

Speculative decoding accelerates memory-bound LLM inference without quality degradation by using a fast drafter to propose multiple candidate tokens and the target model to verify them in parallel. However, conventional sequential…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Yaojie Zhang , Jianuo Huang , Junlong Ke , Yuhang Han , Yongji Long , Tianchen Zhao , Biqing Qi , Linfeng Zhang

Although Transformers have successfully transitioned from their language modelling origins to image-based applications, their quadratic computational complexity remains a challenge, particularly for dense prediction. In this paper we…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-08-30 Yutong Xie , Jianpeng Zhang , Yong Xia , Anton van den Hengel , Qi Wu

Emerging memory technologies have gained significant attention as a promising pathway to overcome the limitations of conventional computing architectures in deep learning applications. By enabling computation directly within memory, these…

新兴技术 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Osama Yousuf , Andreu L. Glasmann , Martin Lueker-Boden , Sina Najmaei , Gina C. Adam

Self-attention is at the heart of the popular Transformer architecture, yet suffers from quadratic time and memory complexity. The breakthrough FlashAttention algorithm revealed I/O complexity as the true bottleneck in scaling Transformers.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-13 Barna Saha , Christopher Ye

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide array of text-centric tasks. However, their `large' scale introduces significant computational and storage challenges, particularly in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-03 Chaoran Zhang , Lixin Zou , Dan Luo , Min Tang , Xiangyang Luo , Zihao Li , Chenliang Li

Transformers based on the attention mechanism have achieved impressive success in various areas. However, the attention mechanism has a quadratic complexity, significantly impeding Transformers from dealing with numerous tokens and scaling…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-17 Haixu Wu , Jialong Wu , Jiehui Xu , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long