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The goal of contrasting learning is to learn a representation that preserves underlying clusters by keeping samples with similar content, e.g. the ``dogness'' of a dog, close to each other in the space generated by the representation. A…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-17 Advait Parulekar , Liam Collins , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Aryan Mokhtari , Sanjay Shakkottai

Contrastive learning is a powerful self-supervised learning method, but we have a limited theoretical understanding of how it works and why it works. In this paper, we prove that contrastive learning with the standard InfoNCE loss is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-26 Zhiquan Tan , Yifan Zhang , Jingqin Yang , Yang Yuan

In typical multimodal contrastive learning, such as CLIP, encoders produce one point in the latent representation space for each input. However, one-point representation has difficulty in capturing the relationship and the similarity…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Toshimitsu Uesaka , Taiji Suzuki , Yuhta Takida , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Naoki Murata , Yuki Mitsufuji

Contrastive learning has become a cornerstone of modern representation learning, allowing training with massive unlabeled data for both task-specific and general (foundation) models. A prototypical loss in contrastive training is InfoNCE…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Roy Betser , Eyal Gofer , Meir Yossef Levi , Guy Gilboa

As an exemplary self-supervised approach for representation learning, time-series contrastive learning has exhibited remarkable advancements in contemporary research. While recent contrastive learning strategies have focused on how to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-27 Xiyuan Jin , Jing Wang , Lei Liu , Youfang Lin

Contrastive Learning (CL) has been proved to be a powerful self-supervised approach for a wide range of domains, including computer vision and graph representation learning. However, the incremental learning issue of CL has rarely been…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-31 Cheng Ji , Jianxin Li , Hao Peng , Jia Wu , Xingcheng Fu , Qingyun Sun , Phillip S. Yu

Multi-view clustering aims to study the complementary information across views and discover the underlying structure. For solving the relatively high computational cost for the existing approaches, works based on anchor have been presented…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-26 Yalan Qin , Nan Pu , Hanzhou Wu , Nicu Sebe

We study the discriminative probabilistic modeling on a continuous domain for the data prediction task of (multimodal) self-supervised representation learning. To address the challenge of computing the integral in the partition function for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-06 Bokun Wang , Yunwen Lei , Yiming Ying , Tianbao Yang

Prior theory work on Contrastive Learning via the InfoNCE loss showed that, under certain assumptions, the learned representations recover the ground-truth latent factors. We argue that these theories overlook crucial aspects of how CL is…

Graph contrastive learning (GCL) has emerged as a representative graph self-supervised method, achieving significant success. The currently prevalent optimization objective for GCL is InfoNCE. Typically, it employs augmentation techniques…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-22 Yulan Hu , Sheng Ouyang , Jingyu Liu , Ge Chen , Zhirui Yang , Junchen Wan , Fuzheng Zhang , Zhongyuan Wang , Yong Liu

As one of the most promising methods in self-supervised learning, contrastive learning has achieved a series of breakthroughs across numerous fields. A predominant approach to implementing contrastive learning is applying InfoNCE loss: By…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-30 Bum Jun Kim , Sang Woo Kim

While InfoNCE underlies modern contrastive learning, its geometric mechanisms remain under-characterized beyond the canonical alignment--uniformity decomposition. We develop a measure-theoretic framework in which representation measures…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Yichao Cai , Zhen Zhang , Yuhang Liu , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Contrastive learning has demonstrated promising potential in recommender systems. Existing methods typically construct sparser views by randomly perturbing the original interaction graph, as they have no idea about the authentic user…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-12-19 Xufeng Liang , Zhida Qin , Chong Zhang , Tianyu Huang , Gangyi Ding

Contrastive learning is a recent promising approach in unsupervised representation learning where a feature representation of data is learned by solving a pseudo classification problem from unlabelled data. However, it is not…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-08-10 Hiroaki Sasaki , Takashi Takenouchi

Noise-contrastive estimation (NCE) is a popular method for estimating unnormalised probabilistic models, such as energy-based models, which are effective for modelling complex data distributions. Unlike classical maximum likelihood (ML)…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-02-27 Amanda Olmin , Jakob Lindqvist , Lennart Svensson , Fredrik Lindsten

Various contrastive learning approaches have been proposed in recent years and achieve significant empirical success. While effective and prevalent, contrastive learning has been less explored for time series data. A key component of…

We investigate contrastive learning in the federated setting through the lens of SimCLR and multi-view mutual information maximization. In doing so, we uncover a connection between contrastive representation learning and user verification;…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-06 Christos Louizos , Matthias Reisser , Denis Korzhenkov

This paper presents miCSE, a mutual information-based contrastive learning framework that significantly advances the state-of-the-art in few-shot sentence embedding. The proposed approach imposes alignment between the attention pattern of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-24 Tassilo Klein , Moin Nabi

Contrastive learning has gained popularity and pushes state-of-the-art performance across numerous large-scale benchmarks. In contrastive learning, the contrastive loss function plays a pivotal role in discerning similarities between…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-03 Haojin Deng , Yimin Yang

Inspired by the idea of Positive-incentive Noise (Pi-Noise or $\pi$-Noise) that aims at learning the reliable noise beneficial to tasks, we scientifically investigate the connection between contrastive learning and $\pi$-noise in this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Hongyuan Zhang , Yanchen Xu , Sida Huang , Xuelong Li