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Large language models (LLMs) are used in chatbots or AI assistants to hold conversations with a human user. In such applications, the quality (e.g., user engagement, safety) of a conversation is important and can only be exactly known at…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Zhiliang Chen , Xinyuan Niu , Chuan-Sheng Foo , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

Existing large language models (LLMs) driven search agents typically rely on prompt engineering to decouple the user queries into search plans, limiting their effectiveness in complex scenarios requiring reasoning. Furthermore, they suffer…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Jinzheng Li , Sibo Ju , Yanzhou Su , Hongguang Li , Yiqing Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning abilities, prompting interest in their application as black-box optimizers. This paper asserts that LLMs possess the capability for zero-shot optimization across diverse…

With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), applying large language models (LLMs) to mathematical problem-solving has attracted increasing attention. Most existing approaches attempt to improve Operations Research (OR) optimization…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-04 Bowen Zhang , Pengcheng Luo , Genke Yang , Boon-Hee Soong , Chau Yuen

Large language models (LLMs), trained on vast datasets, encode extensive real-world knowledge within their parameters, yet their black-box nature obscures the mechanisms and extent of this encoding. Surrogate modeling, which uses simplified…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Changho Han , Songsoo Kim , Dong Won Kim , Leo Anthony Celi , Jaewoong Kim , SungA Bae , Dukyong Yoon

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable performance in semantic understanding and generation, yet accurately assessing their output reliability remains a significant challenge. While numerous studies have explored calibration…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Liangru Xie , Hui Liu , Jingying Zeng , Xianfeng Tang , Yan Han , Chen Luo , Jing Huang , Zhen Li , Suhang Wang , Qi He

The exploration-exploitation trade-off is central to sequential decision-making and black-box optimization, yet how Large Language Models (LLMs) reason about and manage this trade-off remains poorly understood. Unlike Bayesian Optimization,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Andrea Carbonati , Mohammadsina Almasi , Hadis Anahideh

While model serving has unlocked unprecedented capabilities, the high cost of serving large-scale models continues to be a significant barrier to widespread accessibility and rapid innovation. Compiler optimizations have long driven…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Annabelle Sujun Tang , Christopher Priebe , Rohan Mahapatra , Lianhui Qin , Hadi Esmaeilzadeh

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 have demonstrated their ability to understand natural language and generate complex code snippets. This paper introduces a novel Large Language Model Evolutionary Algorithm (LLaMEA) framework,…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2025-01-31 Niki van Stein , Thomas Bäck

Despite the growing interest in Small Language Models (SLMs) as resource-efficient alternatives to Large Language Models (LLMs), their deployment on edge devices remains challenging due to unresolved efficiency gaps in model compression.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Jiacheng Wang , Yejun Zeng , Jinyang Guo , Yuqing Ma , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been proposed as general-purpose agents for experimental design, with claims that they can perform in-context experimental design. We evaluate this hypothesis using both open- and closed-source…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Rushil Gupta , Jason Hartford , Bang Liu

Significantly simplifying the creation of optimization models for real-world business problems has long been a major goal in applying mathematical optimization more widely to important business and societal decisions. The recent…

Scientific discovery is increasingly constrained by costly experiments and limited resources, underscoring the need for efficient optimization in AI for science. Bayesian Optimization (BO), though widely adopted for balancing exploration…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Xinzhe Yuan , Zhuo Chen , Jianshu Zhang , Huan Xiong , Nanyang Ye , Yuqiang Li , Qinying Gu

While Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve near-human performance on standard benchmarks, their capabilities often fail to generalize to complex, real-world problems. To bridge this gap, we introduce DeepQuestion, a scalable, automated…

Large Language Models (LLMs) perform best with well-crafted prompts, yet prompt engineering remains manual, inconsistent, and inaccessible to non-experts. We introduce Promptomatix, an automatic prompt optimization framework that transforms…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-28 Rithesh Murthy , Ming Zhu , Liangwei Yang , Jielin Qiu , Juntao Tan , Shelby Heinecke , Caiming Xiong , Silvio Savarese , Huan Wang

Benchmarking in continuous black-box optimisation is hindered by the limited structural diversity of existing test suites such as BBOB. We explore whether large language models embedded in an evolutionary loop can be used to design…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Urban Skvorc , Niki van Stein , Moritz Seiler , Britta Grimme , Thomas Bäck , Heike Trautmann

Recently, the impressive performance of large language models (LLMs) on a wide range of tasks has attracted an increasing number of attempts to apply LLMs in drug discovery. However, molecule optimization, a critical task in the drug…

定量方法 · 定量生物学 2024-01-22 Geyan Ye , Xibao Cai , Houtim Lai , Xing Wang , Junhong Huang , Longyue Wang , Wei Liu , Xiangxiang Zeng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed artificial intelligence from primarily generative systems into increasingly capable reasoning agents. Recent advances in theorem proving, autoformalization, symbolic reasoning, and…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Adnan Rashid

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a powerful approach for optimizing complex and expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions. Its importance is underscored in many applications, notably including hyperparameter tuning, but its efficacy depends on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Tennison Liu , Nicolás Astorga , Nabeel Seedat , Mihaela van der Schaar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown human-like reasoning abilities but still struggle with complex logical problems. This paper introduces a novel framework, Logic-LM, which integrates LLMs with symbolic solvers to improve logical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-20 Liangming Pan , Alon Albalak , Xinyi Wang , William Yang Wang