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While likelihood-based generative models, particularly diffusion and autoregressive models, have achieved remarkable fidelity in visual generation, the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) objective, which minimizes the forward KL…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Kaiwen Zheng , Yongxin Chen , Huayu Chen , Guande He , Ming-Yu Liu , Jun Zhu , Qinsheng Zhang

Recent studies have shown that large language models' (LLMs) mathematical problem-solving capabilities can be enhanced by integrating external tools, such as code interpreters, and employing multi-turn Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning.…

This work addresses the challenge of personalizing trajectories generated in automated decision-making systems by introducing a resource-efficient approach that enables rapid adaptation to individual users' preferences. Our method leverages…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Wen Zheng Terence Ng , Jianda Chen , Yuan Xu , Tianwei Zhang

Forecasting multi-step user behavior trajectories requires reasoning over structured preferences across future actions, a challenge overlooked by traditional sequential recommendation. This problem is critical for applications such as…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Hongtao Huang , Chengkai Huang , Junda Wu , Tong Yu , Julian McAuley , Lina Yao

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has emerged as a predominant alignment method for diffusion models, facilitating off-policy training without explicit reward modeling. However, its reliance on large-scale, high-quality human preference…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Khiem Pham , Quang Nguyen , Tung Nguyen , Jingsen Zhu , Michele Santacatterina , Dimitris Metaxas , Ramin Zabih

Diffusion models have made substantial advances in image generation, yet models trained on large, unfiltered datasets often yield outputs misaligned with human preferences. Numerous methods have been proposed to fine-tune pre-trained…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Fu-Yun Wang , Yunhao Shui , Jingtan Piao , Keqiang Sun , Hongsheng Li

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has become a prominent method for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences. While DPO has enabled significant progress in aligning English LLMs, multilingual preference alignment is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Wen Yang , Junhong Wu , Chen Wang , Chengqing Zong , Jiajun Zhang

A common technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) relies on acquiring human preferences by comparing multiple generations conditioned on a fixed context. This method, however, relies solely on pairwise comparisons, where the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-09 Hritik Bansal , Ashima Suvarna , Gantavya Bhatt , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang , Aditya Grover

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), a standard method for aligning language models with human preferences, is traditionally applied to offline preferences. Recent studies show that DPO benefits from iterative training with online…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Jie Liu , Zhanhui Zhou , Jiaheng Liu , Xingyuan Bu , Chao Yang , Han-Sen Zhong , Wanli Ouyang

Diffusion models are a class of flexible generative models trained with an approximation to the log-likelihood objective. However, most use cases of diffusion models are not concerned with likelihoods, but instead with downstream objectives…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-08 Kevin Black , Michael Janner , Yilun Du , Ilya Kostrikov , Sergey Levine

The alignment of language models with human preferences is vital for their application in real-world tasks. The problem is formulated as optimizing the model's policy to maximize the expected reward that reflects human preferences with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Haozhe Ji , Cheng Lu , Yilin Niu , Pei Ke , Hongning Wang , Jun Zhu , Jie Tang , Minlie Huang

Direct alignment methods typically train large language models (LLMs) by contrasting the likelihoods of preferred and dispreferred responses. While effective at capturing relative preferences, these methods are widely observed to suppress…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-04 Kaiyang Guo , Yinchuan Li , Zhitang Chen

Alignment of large language models (LLMs) has predominantly relied on pairwise preference optimization, where annotators select the better of two responses to a prompt. While simple, this approach overlooks the opportunity to learn from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Yuxuan Tang , Yifan Feng

Current emotional text-to-speech (TTS) models predominantly conduct supervised training to learn the conversion from text and desired emotion to its emotional speech, focusing on a single emotion per text-speech pair. These models only…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-09-17 Xiaoxue Gao , Chen Zhang , Yiming Chen , Huayun Zhang , Nancy F. Chen

Logical reasoning is a key task for artificial intelligence due to it's role in major downstream tasks such as Question Answering, Summarization. Recent methods in improving the reasoning ability of LLMs fall short in correctly converting a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Koushik Viswanadha , Deepanway Ghosal , Somak Aditya

Traditional preference tuning methods for LLMs/Visual Generative Models often rely solely on reward model labeling, which can be opaque, offer limited insights into the rationale behind preferences, and are prone to issues such as reward…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Hanyang Zhao , Haoxian Chen , Yucheng Guo , Genta Indra Winata , Tingting Ou , Ziyu Huang , David D. Yao , Wenpin Tang

Post-training alignment of large language models (LLMs) is a critical challenge, as not all tokens contribute equally to model performance. This paper introduces a selective alignment strategy that prioritizes high-impact tokens within…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-11 Zhijin Dong

Our goal is to enable large language models (LLMs) to balance multiple human preference dimensions; such as helpfulness, safety, and verbosity, through principled and controllable alignment. Existing preference optimization methods,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Mete Erdogan

The widespread application of large language models (LLMs) raises increasing demands on ensuring safety or imposing constraints, such as reducing harmful content and adhering to predefined rules. While there have been several works studying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Yihan Du , Seo Taek Kong , R. Srikant

Supervised and preference-based fine-tuning techniques have become popular for aligning large language models (LLMs) with user intent and correctness criteria. However, real-world training data often exhibits spurious correlations --…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-12 Julia Shuieh , Prasann Singhal , Apaar Shanker , John Heyer , George Pu , Samuel Denton