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Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents, driven by Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), have emerged as a promising paradigm for enabling intelligent interaction with digital systems. This paper provides a structured survey of recent…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-14 Jiahao Li , Kaer Huang

The recent progress of large language model agents has opened new possibilities for automating tasks through graphical user interfaces (GUIs), especially in mobile environments where intelligent interaction can greatly enhance usability.…

Agents centered around Large Language Models (LLMs) are now capable of automating mobile device operations for users. After fine-tuning to learn a user's mobile operations, these agents can adhere to high-level user instructions online.…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-01-18 Tinghe Ding

Mobile device agent based on Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLM) is becoming a popular application. In this paper, we introduce Mobile-Agent, an autonomous multi-modal mobile device agent. Mobile-Agent first leverages visual perception…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-19 Junyang Wang , Haiyang Xu , Jiabo Ye , Ming Yan , Weizhou Shen , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Jitao Sang

Recent progress in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has enabled mobile GUI agents capable of visual perception, cross-modal reasoning, and interactive control. However, existing benchmarks are largely English-centric and fail to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Yang Li , Yuchen Liu , Haoyu Lu , Zhiqiang Xia , Hongzhen Wang , Kaiyang Han , Changpeng Yang , Jinyang Wu , Jiaming Xu , Runyu Shi , Ying Huang

Conversational agents show the promise to allow users to interact with mobile devices using language. However, to perform diverse UI tasks with natural language, developers typically need to create separate datasets and models for each…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2023-02-21 Bryan Wang , Gang Li , Yang Li

This paper addresses the growing need for efficient large language models (LLMs) on mobile devices, driven by increasing cloud costs and latency concerns. We focus on designing top-quality LLMs with fewer than a billion parameters, a…

The utilisation of foundation models as smartphone assistants, termed app agents, is a critical research challenge. These agents aim to execute human instructions on smartphones by interpreting textual instructions and performing actions…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Georgios Papoudakis , Thomas Coste , Zhihao Wu , Jianye Hao , Jun Wang , Kun Shao

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly integrate into every aspect of our work and daily lives, there are growing concerns about user privacy, which push the trend toward local deployment of these models. There are a number of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Jie Xiao , Qianyi Huang , Xu Chen , Chen Tian

Recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown exceptional potential in enabling mobile-using agents to autonomously execute human instructions. However, fully automated agents often try to execute tasks even…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Zheng Wu , Pengzhou Cheng , Zongru Wu , Yuan Guo , Tianjie Ju , Aston Zhang , Gongshen Liu , Zhuosheng Zhang

MLLM-based GUI agents have demonstrated strong capabilities in complex user interface interaction tasks. However, long-horizon scenarios remain challenging, as these agents are burdened with tasks beyond their intrinsic capabilities,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Zhengxi Lu , Fei Tang , Guangyi Liu , Kaitao Song , Xu Tan , Jin Ma , Wenqi Zhang , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang , Yongliang Shen

World models have shown great utility in improving the task performance of embodied agents. While prior work largely focuses on pixel-space world models, these approaches face practical limitations in GUI settings, where predicting complex…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-17 Shufan Li , Konstantinos Kallidromitis , Akash Gokul , Yusuke Kato , Kazuki Kozuka , Aditya Grover

Among existing online mobile-use benchmarks, AndroidWorld has emerged as the dominant benchmark due to its reproducible environment and deterministic evaluation; however, recent agents achieving over 90% success rates indicate its…

Despite the impressive capabilities of large language models, their substantial computational costs, latency, and privacy risks hinder their widespread deployment in real-world applications. Small Language Models (SLMs) with fewer than 10…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Xinlin Wang , Mats Brorsson

Smartphones bring significant convenience to users but also enable devices to extensively record various types of personal information. Existing smartphone agents powered by Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Zhixin Lin , Jungang Li , Shidong Pan , Yibo Shi , Yue Yao , Dongliang Xu

Advances in large language models (LLMs) and real-time speech recognition now make it possible to issue any graphical user interface (GUI) action through natural language and receive the corresponding system response directly through the…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Hans G. W. van Dam

We present app.build (https://github.com/neondatabase/appdotbuild-agent), an open-source framework that improves LLM-based application generation through systematic validation and structured environments. Our approach combines multi-layered…

Existing online benchmarks for mobile GUI agents remain largely app-centric and task-homogeneous, failing to reflect the diversity and instability of real-world mobile usage. To this end, we introduce VenusBench-Mobile, a challenging online…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Yichen Gong , Zhuohan Cai , Sunhao Dai , Yuqi Zhou , Zhangxuan Gu , Changhua Meng , Shuheng Shen

The field of Artificial Intelligence has witnessed remarkable progress in recent years, especially with the emergence of powerful large language models (LLMs) based on the transformer architecture. Cloud-based LLMs, such as OpenAI's…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-04 Samuel Carreira , Tomás Marques , José Ribeiro , Carlos Grilo

Mobile agent systems are emerging as a key paradigm for enabling intelligent applications on edge devices and in AIoT ecosystems. However, their scalability is fundamentally constrained by limited on-device computation and fragmented…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Bowei He