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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for automated code refactoring tasks. Although these models can quickly refactor code, the quality may exhibit inconsistencies and unpredictable behavior. In this article, we systematically…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Norman Peitek , Julia Hess , Sven Apel

While Code Language Models (CLMs) have demonstrated superior performance in software engineering tasks such as code generation and summarization, recent empirical studies reveal a critical privacy vulnerability: these models exhibit…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-09-18 Zhaoyang Chu , Yao Wan , Zhikun Zhang , Di Wang , Zhou Yang , Hongyu Zhang , Pan Zhou , Xuanhua Shi , Hai Jin , David Lo

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate code but often introduce security vulnerabilities, logical inconsistencies, and compilation errors. Prior work demonstrates that LLMs benefit substantially from structured feedback, static analysis,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Vidyut Sriram , Sawan Pandita , Achintya Lakshmanan , Aneesh Shamraj , Suman Saha

Large Language Diffusion Models (LLDMs) exhibit comparable performance to LLMs while offering distinct advantages in inference speed and mathematical reasoning tasks.The precise and rapid generation capabilities of LLDMs amplify concerns of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-28 Yuanhe Zhang , Fangzhou Xie , Zhenhong Zhou , Zherui Li , Hao Chen , Kun Wang , Yufei Guo

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) on sensitive datasets carries a substantial risk of unintended memorization and leakage of Personally Identifiable Information (PII), which can violate privacy regulations and compromise individual…

This paper presents a large language model (LLM)-based framework that adapts and fine-tunes compact LLMs for detecting cyberattacks on transformer current differential relays (TCDRs), which can otherwise cause false tripping of critical…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Ahmad Mohammad Saber , Saeed Jafari , Zhengmao Ouyang , Paul Budnarain , Amr Youssef , Deepa Kundur

Large language model (LLM) watermarking has shown promise in detecting AI-generated content and mitigating misuse, with prior work claiming robustness against paraphrasing and text editing. In this paper, we argue that existing evaluations…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Hanbo Huang , Yiran Zhang , Hao Zheng , Xuan Gong , Yihan Li , Lin Liu , Zhuotao Liu , Shiyu Liang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into real-world personalized applications through retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) mechanisms to supplement their responses with domain-specific knowledge. However, the valuable…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Junfeng Guo , Yiming Li , Ruibo Chen , Yihan Wu , Chenxi Liu , Yanshuo Chen , Heng Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced natural language processing (NLP) tasks but also pose ethical and societal risks due to their propensity to generate harmful content. Existing methods have limitations, including the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Ximing Dong , Dayi Lin , Shaowei Wang , Ahmed E. Hassan

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in generating code for general-purpose programming languages. However, their potential for hardware description languages (HDLs), such as SystemVerilog,…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-07-16 Arnav Sheth , Ivaxi Sheth , Mario Fritz

The recent surge in jailbreaking attacks has revealed significant vulnerabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) when exposed to malicious inputs. While various defense strategies have been proposed to mitigate these threats, there has…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Tianlong Li , Zhenghua Wang , Wenhao Liu , Muling Wu , Shihan Dou , Changze Lv , Xiaohua Wang , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

Large language models, trained on massive corpora, are prone to verbatim memorization of training data, creating significant privacy and copyright risks. While previous works have proposed various definitions for memorization, many exhibit…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Trung Cuong Dang , David Mohaisen

The drastic increase of large language models' (LLMs) parameters has led to a new research direction of fine-tuning-free downstream customization by prompts, i.e., task descriptions. While these prompt-based services (e.g. OpenAI's GPTs)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-13 Zi Liang , Haibo Hu , Qingqing Ye , Yaxin Xiao , Haoyang Li

Large language models (LLMs) can detect software vulnerabilities, but how do they actually identify vulnerable code? We address this question using mechanistic interpretability; analyzing the internal computations of a neural network to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Syafiq Al Atiiq , Chun Zhou , Christian Gehrmann

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices is fundamentally constrained by the "Memory Wall" -- a hardware limitation where memory bandwidth, not compute, becomes the bottleneck. Recent 1.58-bit quantization techniques…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 David Alejandro Trejo Pizzo

The Large Language Model (LLM) watermark is a newly emerging technique that shows promise in addressing concerns surrounding LLM copyright, monitoring AI-generated text, and preventing its misuse. The LLM watermark scheme commonly includes…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Zhaoxi Zhang , Xiaomei Zhang , Yanjun Zhang , Leo Yu Zhang , Chao Chen , Shengshan Hu , Asif Gill , Shirui Pan

Genomic language models (GLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for learning representations of DNA sequences, enabling advances in variant prediction, regulatory element identification, and cross-task transfer learning. However, as these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Alexander Nemecek , Wenbiao Li , Xiaoqian Jiang , Jaideep Vaidya , Erman Ayday

We investigate how Large Language Models (LLMs) distinguish between memorization and generalization at the neuron level. Through carefully designed tasks, we identify distinct neuron subsets responsible for each behavior. Experiments on…

We present REMARK-LLM, a novel efficient, and robust watermarking framework designed for texts generated by large language models (LLMs). Synthesizing human-like content using LLMs necessitates vast computational resources and extensive…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Ruisi Zhang , Shehzeen Samarah Hussain , Paarth Neekhara , Farinaz Koushanfar

Large Language Models (LLMs) show remarkable capabilities in understanding natural language and generating complex code. However, as practitioners adopt CodeLLMs for increasingly critical development tasks, research reveals that these…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Maximilian Wendlinger , Daniel Kowatsch , Konstantin Böttinger , Philip Sperl