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Training LLMs presents significant memory challenges due to growing size of data, weights, and optimizer states. Techniques such as data and model parallelism, gradient checkpointing, and offloading strategies address this issue but are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Arijit Das

Continual learning (CL), which requires the model to learn multiple tasks sequentially, is crucial for large language models (LLMs). Recently, low-rank adaptation~(LoRA), one of the most representative parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Yan-Shuo Liang , Jia-Rui Chen , Wu-Jun Li

With the increase in the number of parameters in large language models, the process of pre-training and fine-tuning increasingly demands larger volumes of GPU memory. A significant portion of this memory is typically consumed by the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-15 Philip Zmushko , Aleksandr Beznosikov , Martin Takáč , Samuel Horváth

Learning general representations of text is a fundamental problem for many natural language understanding (NLU) tasks. Previously, researchers have proposed to use language model pre-training and multi-task learning to learn robust…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-08-29 Zi-Yi Dou , Keyi Yu , Antonios Anastasopoulos

Training large-scale neural networks in vision, and multimodal domains demands substantial memory resources, primarily due to the storage of optimizer states. While LoRA, a popular parameter-efficient method, reduces memory usage, it often…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-13 Jinqi Xiao , Shen Sang , Tiancheng Zhi , Jing Liu , Qing Yan , Yuqian Zhang , Linjie Luo , Bo Yuan

The ability to learn continually without forgetting the past tasks is a desired attribute for artificial learning systems. Existing approaches to enable such learning in artificial neural networks usually rely on network growth, importance…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-18 Gobinda Saha , Isha Garg , Kaushik Roy

Unlearning has been proposed to remove copyrighted and privacy-sensitive data from Large Language Models (LLMs). Existing approaches primarily rely on fine-tuning-based methods, which can be categorized into gradient ascent-based (GA-based)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Jie Ren , Zhenwei Dai , Xianfeng Tang , Hui Liu , Jingying Zeng , Zhen Li , Rahul Goutam , Suhang Wang , Yue Xing , Qi He , Hui Liu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) grow dramatically in size, there is an increasing trend in compressing and speeding up these models. Previous studies have highlighted the usefulness of gradients for importance scoring in neural network…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-17 Hongrong Cheng , Miao Zhang , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Recent developments have shown that Muon-type optimizers based on linear minimization oracles (LMOs) over non-Euclidean norm balls have the potential to get superior practical performance than Adam-type methods in the training of large…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Xun Qian , Alexander Gaponov , Grigory Malinovsky , Peter Richtárik

Adapting large pre-trained language models to downstream tasks often entails fine-tuning millions of parameters or deploying costly dense weight updates, which hinders their use in resource-constrained environments. Low-rank Adaptation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-29 Longteng Zhang , Sen Wu , Shuai Hou , Zhengyu Qing , Zhuo Zheng , Danning Ke , Qihong Lin , Qiang Wang , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu

Recent advances in vision-language models have made zero-shot navigation feasible, enabling robots to follow natural language instructions without requiring labeling. However, existing methods that explicitly store language vectors in grid…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Sibaek Lee , Hyeonwoo Yu , Giseop Kim , Sunwook Choi

Mastering a skill generally relies on both hands-on experience from doers and insightful, high-level guidance by mentors. Will this strategy also work well for solving complex non-convex optimization problems? Here, a common gradient-based…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-05 Zixian Guo , Ming Liu , Zhilong Ji , Jinfeng Bai , Yiwen Guo , Wangmeng Zuo

Recently, a new optimization method based on the linear minimization oracle (LMO), called Muon, has been attracting increasing attention since it can train neural networks faster than existing adaptive optimization methods, such as Adam. In…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Yuki Takezawa , Anastasia Koloskova , Xiaowen Jiang , Sebastian U. Stich

Zeroth-order (ZO) optimization provides a gradient-free alternative to first-order (FO) methods by estimating gradients via finite differences of function evaluations, and has recently emerged as a memory-efficient paradigm for fine-tuning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Yicheng Lang , Changsheng Wang , Yihua Zhang , Mingyi Hong , Zheng Zhang , Wotao Yin , Sijia Liu

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) is essential for adapting pre-trained models to downstream tasks. Yet traditional first-order optimizers such as Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and Adam incur prohibitive memory and computational…

Pre-training Large Language Models (LLMs) on web-scale datasets becomes fundamental for advancing general-purpose AI. In contrast, enhancing their predictive performance on downstream tasks typically involves adapting their knowledge…

Despite the significant improvements achieved by large language models (LLMs) in English reasoning tasks, these models continue to struggle with multilingual reasoning. Recent studies leverage a full-parameter and two-stage training…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-08 Yuchun Fan , Yongyu Mu , Yilin Wang , Lei Huang , Junhao Ruan , Bei Li , Tong Xiao , Shujian Huang , Xiaocheng Feng , Jingbo Zhu

Large models recently are widely applied in artificial intelligence, so efficient training of large models has received widespread attention. More recently, a useful Muon optimizer is specifically designed for matrix-structured parameters…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Feihu Huang , Yuning Luo , Songcan Chen

Large language models (LLM) have achieved remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. However, their substantial parameter sizes pose significant challenges for deployment on edge devices with limited computational and memory…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains, particularly in task generalization for both text and vision data. While fine-tuning these models can significantly enhance their performance on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-15 Navyansh Mahla , Kshitij Sharad Jadhav , Ganesh Ramakrishnan