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Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is a framework, where multiple related tasks are learned jointly and benefit from a shared representation space, or parameter transfer. To provide sufficient learning support, modern MTL uses annotated data with…

Real-world data are long-tailed, the lack of tail samples leads to a significant limitation in the generalization ability of the model. Although numerous approaches of class re-balancing perform well for moderate class imbalance problems,…

Ensuring fairness in machine learning requires understanding how sensitive attributes like race or gender causally influence outcomes. Existing causal discovery (CD) methods often struggle to recover fairness-relevant pathways in the…

Recent studies show that graph convolutional network (GCN) often performs worse for low-degree nodes, exhibiting the so-called structural unfairness for graphs with long-tailed degree distributions prevalent in the real world. Graph…

In multi-label text classification (MLTC), each given document is associated with a set of correlated labels. To capture label correlations, previous classifier-chain and sequence-to-sequence models transform MLTC to a sequence prediction…

This paper presents privileged multi-label learning (PrML) to explore and exploit the relationship between labels in multi-label learning problems. We suggest that for each individual label, it cannot only be implicitly connected with other…

Real-world data often follows a long-tailed distribution, where a few head classes occupy most of the data and a large number of tail classes only contain very limited samples. In practice, deep models often show poor generalization…

Identifying clusters of vertices in graphs continues to be an important problem, and modularity continues to be used as a tool for solving the problem. Modularity, which measures the quality of a division of the vertices into clusters,…

Multi-task learning (MTL) in materials science relies on the assumption that physically related properties share learnable representations. We challenge this assumption using a 54,028-sample metal alloy dataset exhibiting extreme task-level…

Multi-label classification is an important learning problem with many applications. In this work, we propose a principled similarity-based approach for multi-label learning called SML. We also introduce a similarity-based approach for…

The generalisation capacity of Multi-Task Learning (MTL) suffers when unrelated tasks negatively impact each other by updating shared parameters with conflicting gradients. This is known as negative transfer and leads to a drop in MTL…

Multi-task learning (MTL) has been widely adopted for its ability to simultaneously learn multiple tasks. While existing gradient manipulation methods often yield more balanced solutions than simple scalarization-based approaches, they…

Supervised deep learning depends on massive accurately annotated examples, which is usually impractical in many real-world scenarios. A typical alternative is learning from multiple noisy annotators. Numerous earlier works assume that all…

In this paper, we investigate the challenges of complementary-label learning (CLL), a specialized form of weakly-supervised learning (WSL) where models are trained with labels indicating classes to which instances do not belong, rather than…

Multi-label classification (MLC) refers to the problem of tagging a given instance with a set of relevant labels. Most existing MLC methods are based on the assumption that the correlation of two labels in each label pair is symmetric,…

In the real world, the frequency of occurrence of objects is naturally skewed forming long-tail class distributions, which results in poor performance on the statistically rare classes. A promising solution is to mine tail-class examples to…

Current long-tailed semi-supervised learning methods assume that labeled data exhibit a long-tailed distribution, and unlabeled data adhere to a typical predefined distribution (i.e., long-tailed, uniform, or inverse long-tailed). However,…

Multi-label class-incremental learning (MLCIL) is essential for real-world multi-label applications, allowing models to learn new labels while retaining previously learned knowledge continuously. However, recent MLCIL approaches can only…

In many real-world applications, the frequency distribution of class labels for training data can exhibit a long-tailed distribution, which challenges traditional approaches of training deep neural networks that require heavy amounts of…

Reinforcement fine-tuning (RFT) often suffers from reward over-optimization, where a policy model hacks the reward signals to achieve high scores while producing low-quality outputs. Our theoretical analysis shows that the key lies in…