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LLM-based agents are becoming increasingly capable, yet their safety lags behind. This creates a gap between what agents can do and should do. This gap widens as agents engage in multi-turn interactions and employ diverse tools, introducing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Xu Li , Simon Yu , Minzhou Pan , Yiyou Sun , Bo Li , Dawn Song , Xue Lin , Weiyan Shi

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly used as autonomous subordinates that carry out tasks for users. This raises the question of whether they may also engage in deception, similar to how individuals in human…

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely used for mental health support. However, current safety evaluations in this field are mostly limited to detecting whether LLMs output prohibited words in single-turn conversations, neglecting…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-22 Youyou Cheng , Zhuangwei Kang , Kerry Jiang , Chenyu Sun , Qiyang Pan

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited great potential in autonomously completing tasks across real-world applications. Despite this, these LLM agents introduce unexpected safety risks when operating in interactive environments.…

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly deployed in real-world applications such as "digital assistants, autonomous customer service, and decision-support systems", where their ability to "interact in multi-turn,…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents with access to executable tools, enabling direct interaction with external systems. However, most safety evaluations remain text-centric and assume that compliant language…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Shasha Yu , Fiona Carroll , Barry L. Bentley

We introduce findings and methods to facilitate evidence-based discussion about how large language models (LLMs) should behave in response to user signals of risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB). People are already using LLMs as…

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for addressing a wide range of general inquiries and tasks. Despite this, fine-tuning aligned LLMs on smaller, domain-specific datasets, critical to adapting them to specialized…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Guanlin Li , Kangjie Chen , Shangwei Guo , Jie Zhang , Han Qiu , Chao Zhang , Guoyin Wang , Tianwei Zhang , Jiwei Li

Large Language Models demonstrate strong reasoning and generation abilities, yet their behavior in multi-turn tasks often lacks reliability and verifiability. We present a task completion framework that enables LLM-based agents to act under…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Gonca Gürsun

Tool-using large language model (LLM) agents often face a fundamental tension between answer quality and execution cost. Fixed workflows are stable but inflexible, while free-form multi-step reasoning methods such as ReAct may improve task…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Boyan Liu , Gongming Zhao , Hongli Xu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) evolve from chatbots to agentic assistants, they are increasingly observed to exhibit risky behaviors when subjected to survival pressure, such as the threat of being shut down. While multiple cases have…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Yida Lu , Jianwei Fang , Xuyang Shao , Zixuan Chen , Shiyao Cui , Shanshan Bian , Guangyao Su , Pei Ke , Han Qiu , Minlie Huang

As the use of large language model (LLM) agents continues to grow, their safety vulnerabilities have become increasingly evident. Extensive benchmarks evaluate various aspects of LLM safety by defining the safety relying heavily on general…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Yeonjun In , Wonjoong Kim , Kanghoon Yoon , Sungchul Kim , Mehrab Tanjim , Sangwu Park , Kibum Kim , Chanyoung Park

Given the growing influence of language model-based agents on high-stakes societal decisions, from public policy to healthcare, ensuring their beneficial impact requires understanding the far-reaching implications of their suggestions. We…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-27 Chenkai Sun , Denghui Zhang , ChengXiang Zhai , Heng Ji

Fine-tuning a general-purpose large language model (LLM) for a specific domain or task has become a routine procedure for ordinary users. However, fine-tuning is known to remove the safety alignment features of the model, even when the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Kathleen C. Fraser , Hillary Dawkins , Isar Nejadgholi , Svetlana Kiritchenko

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit exceptional capabilities across various tasks but also pose risks by generating harmful content. Existing safety mechanisms, while improving model safety, often lead to overly cautious behavior and fail…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Peixuan Han , Cheng Qian , Xiusi Chen , Yuji Zhang , Heng Ji , Denghui Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate human users in interactive settings such as therapy, education, and social role-play. While these simulations enable scalable training and evaluation of AI agents, off-the-shelf…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Marwa Abdulhai , Ryan Cheng , Donovan Clay , Tim Althoff , Sergey Levine , Natasha Jaques

With the continuous development of large language models (LLMs), transformer-based models have made groundbreaking advances in numerous natural language processing (NLP) tasks, leading to the emergence of a series of agents that use LLMs as…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-11-15 Yuyou Gan , Yong Yang , Zhe Ma , Ping He , Rui Zeng , Yiming Wang , Qingming Li , Chunyi Zhou , Songze Li , Ting Wang , Yunjun Gao , Yingcai Wu , Shouling Ji

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents, understanding how strategic behavior emerges in multi-agent environments has become an important alignment challenge. We take a neutral empirical stance and…

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have led to increasingly sophisticated safety protocols and features designed to prevent harmful, unethical, or unauthorized outputs. However, these guardrails remain susceptible to novel and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Annika M Schoene , Cansu Canca

Advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled a new class of self-evolving agents that autonomously improve through interaction with the environment, demonstrating strong capabilities. However, self-evolution also introduces novel…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Shuai Shao , Qihan Ren , Chen Qian , Boyi Wei , Dadi Guo , Jingyi Yang , Xinhao Song , Linfeng Zhang , Weinan Zhang , Dongrui Liu , Jing Shao