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As giant dense models advance quality but require large amounts of GPU budgets for training, the sparsely gated Mixture-of-Experts (MoE), a kind of conditional computation architecture, is proposed to scale models while keeping their…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2022-11-18 Xiaonan Nie , Pinxue Zhao , Xupeng Miao , Tong Zhao , Bin Cui

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to architectures with billions to trillions of parameters, posing significant deployment challenges due to their substantial demands on memory, processing power, and energy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Enshu Liu , Junyi Zhu , Zinan Lin , Xuefei Ning , Matthew B. Blaschko , Shengen Yan , Guohao Dai , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

For Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models, an unbalanced expert load will lead to routing collapse or increased computational overhead. Existing methods commonly employ an auxiliary loss to encourage load balance, but a large auxiliary loss will…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-29 Lean Wang , Huazuo Gao , Chenggang Zhao , Xu Sun , Damai Dai

Mixture of Experts layers (MoEs) enable efficient scaling of language models through conditional computation. This paper presents a detailed empirical study of how autoregressive MoE language models scale in comparison with dense models in…

In this paper, we present the practical problems and the lessons learned at short-video services from Kuaishou. In industry, a widely-used multi-task framework is the Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) paradigm, which always introduces some shared…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-08-13 Xu Wang , Jiangxia Cao , Zhiyi Fu , Kun Gai , Guorui Zhou

Sparse mixture of experts (SMoE) have emerged as an effective approach for scaling large language models while keeping a constant computational cost. Regardless of several notable successes of SMoE, effective training such architecture…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Giang Do , Hung Le , Truyen Tran

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) is an effective architecture for scaling large language models by leveraging sparse expert activation to balance performance and efficiency. However, under expert parallelism, MoE suffers from inference…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Shwai He , Weilin Cai , Jiayi Huang , Ang Li

Standard Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models rely on centralized routing mechanisms that introduce rigid inductive biases. We propose Routing-Free MoE which eliminates any hard-coded centralized designs including external routers, Softmax,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Yilun Liu , Jinru Han , Sikuan Yan , Volker Tresp , Yunpu Ma

While transformers and their variant conformers show promising performance in speech recognition, the parameterized property leads to much memory cost during training and inference. Some works use cross-layer weight-sharing to reduce the…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-09-20 Ye Bai , Jie Li , Wenjing Han , Hao Ni , Kaituo Xu , Zhuo Zhang , Cheng Yi , Xiaorui Wang

In mobile edge computing (MEC) networks, mobile users generate diverse machine learning tasks dynamically over time. These tasks are typically offloaded to the nearest available edge server, by considering communication and computational…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-26 Hongbo Li , Lingjie Duan

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) enhances model performance while maintaining computational efficiency, making it well-suited for large-scale applications. Conventional mixture-of-experts (MoE) architectures suffer from suboptimal coordination…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-24 Yujiao Yang , Jing Lian , Linhui Li

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a milestone in aligning large language models with human instructions and adapting them to downstream tasks. In particular, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has gained widespread attention due to its parameter…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Jia-Chen Zhang , Yu-Jie Xiong , Xi-He Qiu , Chun-Ming Xia , Fei Dai , Zheng Zhou

The sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture of large language models (LLMs) confronts an inherent issue of load imbalance arising from the simplistic linear router strategy, which ultimately causes the instability and inefficient…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Ting Bai , Yue Yu , Le Huang , Zenan Xu , Chuan Shi

Mixture of experts (MoE) model is a statistical machine learning design that aggregates multiple expert networks using a softmax gating function in order to form a more intricate and expressive model. Despite being commonly used in several…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-06-25 Huy Nguyen , Nhat Ho , Alessandro Rinaldo

In this work, we propose a method that combines two popular research areas by injecting linguistic structures into pre-trained language models in the parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) setting. In our approach, parallel adapter modules…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-26 Raymond Li , Gabriel Murray , Giuseppe Carenini

Large Language Models (LLMs) with Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures are distinguished by their strong performance scaling with increasing parameters across a wide range of tasks, yet they also suffer from substantial computational and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Yuzhuang Xu , Xu Han , Yuanchi Zhang , Yixuan Wang , Yijun Liu , Shiyu Ji , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is a neural network architecture that adds sparsely activated expert blocks to a base model, increasing the number of parameters without impacting computational costs. However, current distributed deep learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-16 Siddharth Singh , Olatunji Ruwase , Ammar Ahmad Awan , Samyam Rajbhandari , Yuxiong He , Abhinav Bhatele

This paper proposes a discontinuity-sensitive approach to learn the solutions of parametric optimal control problems with high accuracy. Many tasks, ranging from model predictive control to reinforcement learning, may be solved by learning…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2019-07-03 Gao Tang , Kris Hauser

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied across various domains, enhancing safety while maintaining the helpfulness of LLMs has become a critical challenge. Recent studies solve this problem through safety-constrained online…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Yupeng Qi , Ziyu Lyu , Min Yang , Yanlin Wang , Lu Bai , Lixin Cui

Mixture of Experts (MoE) have shown remarkable success in leveraging specialized expert networks for complex machine learning tasks. However, their susceptibility to adversarial attacks presents a critical challenge for deployment in robust…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Xu Zhang , Kaidi Xu , Ziqing Hu , Ren Wang