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The transition from System 1 to System 2 reasoning in large language models (LLMs) has marked significant advancements in handling complex tasks through deliberate, iterative thinking. However, this progress often comes at the cost of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Han Wu , Yuxuan Yao , Shuqi Liu , Zehua Liu , Xiaojin Fu , Xiongwei Han , Xing Li , Hui-Ling Zhen , Tao Zhong , Mingxuan Yuan

Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve enhanced complex problem-solving through test-time computing scaling, yet this often entails longer contexts and numerous reasoning token costs. In this paper, we propose an efficient test-time…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-02 Zhaojian Yu , Yinghao Wu , Yilun Zhao , Arman Cohan , Xiao-Ping Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in handling complex tasks through long-chain reasoning. However, the extensive reasoning steps involved can significantly increase computational costs, posing challenges for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Yunhao Wang , Yuhao Zhang , Tinghao Yu , Can Xu , Feng Zhang , Fengzong Lian

Recent studies show that the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) can be improved by applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to question-answering (QA) tasks in areas such as math and coding. With a long context length, LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Stephen Chung , Wenyu Du , Jie Fu

Logical reasoning task involves diverse types of complex reasoning over text, based on the form of multiple-choice question answering. Given the context, question and a set of options as the input, previous methods achieve superior…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-01-10 Fangzhi Xu , Jun Liu , Qika Lin , Tianzhe Zhao , Jian Zhang , Lingling Zhang

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) solve complex tasks by generating long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) sequences; however, the emergent dynamics governing reasoning trajectories are not well understood and can lead to inconsistencies and reasoning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 G M Shahariar , Erfan Shayegani , Ali Nazari , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

Reasoning-enhanced large language models (LLMs) explicitly generate intermediate reasoning steps prior to generating final answers, helping the model excel in complex problem-solving. In this paper, we demonstrate that this emerging…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Tong Wu , Chong Xiang , Jiachen T. Wang , G. Edward Suh , Prateek Mittal

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have made reasoning a central benchmark for evaluating intelligence. While prior surveys focus on efficiency by examining how to shorten reasoning chains or reduce computation, this view…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Chao Wu , Baoheng Li , Mingchen Gao , Yu Tian , Zhenyi Wang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged with remarkable capabilities in complex tasks through Chain-of-Thought reasoning, practical resource constraints have sparked interest in transferring these abilities to smaller models.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Jin Cui , Jiaqi Guo , Jiepeng Zhou , Ruixuan Yang , Jiayi Lu , Jiajun Xu , Jiangcheng Song , Boran Zhao , Pengju Ren

Models employing long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning have shown superior performance on complex reasoning tasks. Yet, this capability introduces a critical and often overlooked inefficiency -- overthinking -- models often engage in…

The test-time compute strategy, such as Chain-of-Thought (CoT), has significantly enhanced the ability of large language models to solve complex tasks like logical reasoning. However, empirical studies indicate that simply increasing the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Zhenyu Li , Guanlin Wu , Cheems Wang , Yongqiang Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) consistently benefit from scaled Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, but also suffer from heavy computational overhead. To address this issue, efficient reasoning aims to incentivize short yet accurate thinking…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Taiqiang Wu , Zenan Xu , Bo Zhou , Ngai Wong

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have leveraged increased test-time computation to enhance reasoning capabilities, a strategy that, while effective, incurs significant latency and resource costs, limiting their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-01 Hao Wen , Xinrui Wu , Yi Sun , Feifei Zhang , Liye Chen , Jie Wang , Yunxin Liu , Yunhao Liu , Ya-Qin Zhang , Yuanchun Li

Thinking LLMs solve complex tasks at the expense of increased compute and overthinking on simpler problems, while non-thinking LLMs are faster and cheaper but underthink on harder reasoning problems. This has led to the development of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Pranjal Aggarwal , Seungone Kim , Jack Lanchantin , Sean Welleck , Jason Weston , Ilia Kulikov , Swarnadeep Saha

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting combined with few-shot in-context learning (ICL) has unlocked significant reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs). However, ICL with CoT examples is ineffective on novel tasks when the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-08 Vignesh Kothapalli , Ata Fatahibaarzi , Hamed Firooz , Maziar Sanjabi

Memristor-based analog compute-in-memory (CIM) architectures provide a promising substrate for the efficient deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs), owing to superior energy efficiency and computational density. However, these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Taiqiang Wu , Yuxin Cheng , Chenchen Ding , Runming Yang , Xincheng Feng , Wenyong Zhou , Zhengwu Liu , Ngai Wong

Large language models (LLMs) have become common decision-support tools across educational and professional contexts, raising questions about how their outputs shape human critical thinking. Prior work suggests that the amount of AI…

The impact of large language models (LLMs) on critical thinking has provoked growing attention, yet this impact on actual performance may not be uniformly negative or positive. Particularly, the role of time -- the temporal context under…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Jiayin Zhi , Harsh Kumar , Mina Lee

In large language models (LLMs), code and reasoning reinforce each other: code offers an abstract, modular, and logic-driven structure that supports reasoning, while reasoning translates high-level goals into smaller, executable steps that…

Test-time thinking (that is, generating explicit intermediate reasoning chains) is known to boost performance in large language models and has recently shown strong gains for large vision language models (LVLMs). However, despite these…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Jing Bi , Filippos Bellos , Junjia Guo , Yayuan Li , Chao Huang , Yolo Y. Tang , Luchuan Song , Susan Liang , Zhongfei Mark Zhang , Jason J. Corso , Chenliang Xu