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Health misinformation spreading online poses a significant threat to public health. Researchers have explored methods for automatically generating counterspeech to health misinformation as a mitigation strategy. Existing approaches often…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 Xiaoying Song , Anirban Saha Anik , Dibakar Barua , Pengcheng Luo , Junhua Ding , Lingzi Hong

Large language models (LLMs) incorporated with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have demonstrated powerful capabilities in generating counterspeech against misinformation. However, current studies rely on limited evidence and offer less…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Anirban Saha Anik , Xiaoying Song , Elliott Wang , Bryan Wang , Bengisu Yarimbas , Lingzi Hong

Counterspeech can be an effective method for battling hateful content on social media. Automated counterspeech generation can aid in this process. Generated counterspeech, however, can be viable only when grounded in the context of topic,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-01 Sabit Hassan , Malihe Alikhani

Natural Language Processing and Generation systems have recently shown the potential to complement and streamline the costly and time-consuming job of professional fact-checkers. In this work, we lift several constraints of current…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-30 Daniel Russo , Stefano Menini , Jacopo Staiano , Marco Guerini

The proliferation of online misinformation has posed significant threats to public interest. While numerous online users actively participate in the combat against misinformation, many of such responses can be characterized by the lack of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-25 Zhenrui Yue , Huimin Zeng , Yimeng Lu , Lanyu Shang , Yang Zhang , Dong Wang

The rapid development of large language models has led to the widespread adoption of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which integrates external knowledge to alleviate knowledge bottlenecks and mitigate hallucinations. However, the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Ruotong Pan , Boxi Cao , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Jia Zheng , Sirui Wang , Xunliang Cai , Le Sun

Automatic counterspeech generation methods have been developed to assist efforts in combating hate speech. Existing research focuses on generating counterspeech with linguistic attributes such as being polite, informative, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-02 Lingzi Hong , Pengcheng Luo , Eduardo Blanco , Xiaoying Song

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing (NLP), enabling diverse applications by integrating large-scale pre-trained knowledge. However, their static knowledge limits dynamic reasoning over external…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Harshad Khadilkar , Abhay Gupta

Hate speech and misinformation frequently co-occur online, amplifying prejudice and polarization. Given their scale, using Large Language Models (LLMs) to assist expert counterspeech (CS) writing has gained interest, yet prior work has…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Genoveffa Martone , Helena Bonaldi , Marco Guerini

Natural language counterfactual generation aims to minimally modify a given text such that the modified text will be classified into a different class. The generated counterfactuals provide insight into the reasoning behind a model's…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Yongjie Wang , Xiaoqi Qiu , Yu Yue , Xu Guo , Zhiwei Zeng , Yuhong Feng , Zhiqi Shen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) merges retrieval methods with deep learning advancements to address the static limitations of large language models (LLMs) by enabling the dynamic integration of up-to-date external information. This…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Yizheng Huang , Jimmy Huang

Tackling online hatred using informed textual responses - called counter narratives - has been brought under the spotlight recently. Accordingly, a research line has emerged to automatically generate counter narratives in order to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-23 Yi-Ling Chung , Serra Sinem Tekiroglu , Marco Guerini

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is an effective approach to enhance the factual accuracy of large language models (LLMs) by retrieving information from external databases, which are typically composed of diverse sources, to supplement…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Jeongyeon Hwang , Junyoung Park , Hyejin Park , Dongwoo Kim , Sangdon Park , Jungseul Ok

Despite their remarkable capabilities, large language models (LLMs) often produce responses containing factual inaccuracies due to their sole reliance on the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), an ad…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-19 Akari Asai , Zeqiu Wu , Yizhong Wang , Avirup Sil , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Countermeasures to effectively fight the ever increasing hate speech online without blocking freedom of speech is of great social interest. Natural Language Generation (NLG), is uniquely capable of developing scalable solutions. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-04 Wanzheng Zhu , Suma Bhat

Language models (LMs) are known to suffer from hallucinations and misinformation. Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) that retrieves verifiable information from an external knowledge corpus to complement the parametric knowledge in LMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Zhuohang Li , Jiaxin Zhang , Chao Yan , Kamalika Das , Sricharan Kumar , Murat Kantarcioglu , Bradley A. Malin

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a framework in which a Generator, such as a Large Language Model (LLM), produces answers by retrieving documents from an external collection using a Retriever. In practice, Generators must integrate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-30 Koki Itai , Shunichi Hasegawa , Yuta Yamamoto , Gouki Minegishi , Masaki Otsuki

Robust content moderation requires classification systems that can quickly adapt to evolving policies without costly retraining. We present classification using Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which shifts traditional classification…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Richard Willats , Josh Pennington , Aravind Mohan , Bertie Vidgen

Large Language Models (LLMs) augmented with retrieval mechanisms have demonstrated significant potential in fact-checking tasks by integrating external knowledge. However, their reliability decreases when confronted with conflicting…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Ziyu Ge , Yuhao Wu , Daniel Wai Kit Chin , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Rui Cao

Biased news contributes to societal polarization and is often reinforced by hostile reader comments, constituting a vital yet often overlooked aspect of news dissemination. Our study reveals that offensive comments support biased content,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-25 Luyang Lin , Zijin Feng , Lingzhi Wang , Kam-Fai Wong
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