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As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as black-box components in real-world applications, red teaming has become essential for identifying potential risks. It tests LLMs with adversarial prompts to uncover…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Jiale Ding , Xiang Zheng , Yutao Wu , Cong Wang , Wei-Bin Lee , Ling Pan , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Large Language Model (LLM) safeguards, which implement request refusals, have become a widely adopted mitigation strategy against misuse. At the intersection of adversarial machine learning and AI safety, safeguard red teaming has…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Zifan Wang , Christina Q. Knight , Jeremy Kritz , Willow E. Primack , Julian Michael

Although safely enhanced Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in tackling various complex tasks in a zero-shot manner, they remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks, particularly the unknown jailbreak attack. To…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Fan Liu , Zhao Xu , Hao Liu

As large language models (LLMs) grow in power and influence, ensuring their safety and preventing harmful output becomes critical. Automated red teaming serves as a tool to detect security vulnerabilities in LLMs without manual labor.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Weiyang Guo , Zesheng Shi , Zhuo Li , Yequan Wang , Xuebo Liu , Wenya Wang , Fangming Liu , Min Zhang , Jing Li

Language Model Models (LLMs) have improved dramatically in the past few years, increasing their adoption and the scope of their capabilities over time. A significant amount of work is dedicated to ``model alignment'', i.e., preventing LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-07 Abhishek Singhania , Christophe Dupuy , Shivam Mangale , Amani Namboori

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) unlock powerful multimodal reasoning but also expand the attack surface, particularly through adversarial inputs that conceal harmful goals in benign prompts. We propose SHIELD, a lightweight,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-16 Juan Ren , Mark Dras , Usman Naseem

While recent automated red-teaming methods show promise for systematically exposing model vulnerabilities, most existing approaches rely on human-specified workflows. This dependence on manually designed workflows suffers from human biases…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 Jiayi Yuan , Jonathan Nöther , Natasha Jaques , Goran Radanović

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities but are susceptible to adversarial prompts that exploit vulnerabilities to produce unsafe or biased outputs. Existing red-teaming methods often face scalability challenges,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Quy-Anh Dang , Chris Ngo , Truong-Son Hy

Language Models (LMs) often cannot be deployed because of their potential to harm users in hard-to-predict ways. Prior work identifies harmful behaviors before deployment by using human annotators to hand-write test cases. However, human…

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks where adversarial prompts elicit harmful outputs. Yet most evaluations focus on single-turn interactions while real-world attacks unfold through adaptive multi-turn…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Aashray Reddy , Andrew Zagula , Nicholas Saban

In the rapidly evolving field of machine learning, adversarial attacks present a significant challenge to model robustness and security. Decision-based attacks, which only require feedback on the decision of a model rather than detailed…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-24 Ping Guo , Fei Liu , Xi Lin , Qingchuan Zhao , Qingfu Zhang

Safety alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) can be compromised with manual jailbreak attacks and (automatic) adversarial attacks. Recent studies suggest that defending against these attacks is possible: adversarial attacks generate…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-15 Sicheng Zhu , Ruiyi Zhang , Bang An , Gang Wu , Joe Barrow , Zichao Wang , Furong Huang , Ani Nenkova , Tong Sun

Automated methods for red teaming LLMs are an important tool to identify LLM vulnerabilities that may not be covered in static benchmarks, allowing for more thorough probing. They can also adapt to each specific LLM to discover weaknesses…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Aishwarya Padmakumar , Leon Derczynski , Traian Rebedea , Christopher Parisien

When building Large Language Models (LLMs), it is paramount to bear safety in mind and protect them with guardrails. Indeed, LLMs should never generate content promoting or normalizing harmful, illegal, or unethical behavior that may…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Simone Tedeschi , Felix Friedrich , Patrick Schramowski , Kristian Kersting , Roberto Navigli , Huu Nguyen , Bo Li

Safety-aligned large language models (LLMs) sometimes falsely refuse pseudo-harmful prompts, like "how to kill a mosquito," which are actually harmless. Frequent false refusals not only frustrate users but also provoke a public backlash…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Bang An , Sicheng Zhu , Ruiyi Zhang , Michael-Andrei Panaitescu-Liess , Yuancheng Xu , Furong Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely deployed in diverse real-world settings, yet remain vulnerable to jailbreaking, where prompt-based attacks bypass safety filters. We present THREAT (Targeted Harmful generation via Reframing and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Shahnewaz Karim Sakib , Swati Kar , Anindya Bijoy Das

Automated red-teaming has become a crucial approach for uncovering vulnerabilities in large language models (LLMs). However, most existing methods focus on isolated safety flaws, limiting their ability to adapt to dynamic defenses and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-06 Yanjiang Liu , Shuhen Zhou , Yaojie Lu , Huijia Zhu , Weiqiang Wang , Hongyu Lin , Ben He , Xianpei Han , Le Sun

Automated red-teaming has emerged as a scalable approach for auditing Large Language Models (LLMs) prior to deployment, yet existing approaches lack mechanisms to efficiently adapt to model-specific vulnerabilities at inference. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Christos Ziakas , Nicholas Loo , Nishita Jain , Alessandra Russo

Ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles requires virtual scenario-based testing, which depends on the robust evaluation and generation of safety-critical scenarios. So far, researchers have used scenario-based testing frameworks that…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-21 Yuan Gao , Mattia Piccinini , Korbinian Moller , Amr Alanwar , Johannes Betz

Warning: this paper contains content that may be inappropriate or offensive. As generative models become available for public use in various applications, testing and analyzing vulnerabilities of these models has become a priority. In this…