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Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a central paradigm for training large language models (LLMs) in reasoning tasks. Yet recent studies question RL's ability to incentivize reasoning capacity beyond the base model. This raises a key…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Jiazheng Li , Hongzhou Lin , Hong Lu , Kaiyue Wen , Zaiwen Yang , Jiaxuan Gao , Yi Wu , Jingzhao Zhang

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has become a central approach for improving the reasoning ability of large language models. Recent work studies RLVR through token entropy, arguing that high-entropy tokens drive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Xinzhu Chen , Xuesheng Li , Zhongxiang Sun , Weijie Yu

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) for large language models (LLMs) has achieved remarkable progress in enhancing LLMs' reasoning capabilities on tasks with clear correctness criteria, such as mathematical reasoning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Guanxu Chen , Yafu Li , Yuxian Jiang , Chen Qian , Qihan Ren , Jingyi Yang , Yu Cheng , Dongrui Liu , Jing Shao

Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) significantly enhances large language models (LLMs) reasoning but severely suffers from calibration degeneration, where models become excessively over-confident in incorrect answers.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Zhengzhao Ma , Xueru Wen , Boxi Cao , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Jinglin Yang , Min He , Xianpei Han , Le Sun

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong math reasoning abilities through Reinforcement Learning with *Verifiable Rewards* (RLVR), many advanced mathematical problems are proof-based, with no guaranteed way to determine…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Haotong Yang , Zitong Wang , Shijia Kang , Siqi Yang , Wenkai Yu , Xu Niu , Yike Sun , Yi Hu , Zhouchen Lin , Muhan Zhang

With the advent of DeepSeek-R1, a new wave of reinforcement learning (RL) methods has emerged that seem to unlock stronger mathematical reasoning. However, a closer look at the open-source ecosystem reveals a critical limitation: with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Prasanna Mayilvahanan , Ricardo Dominguez-Olmedo , Thaddäus Wiedemer , Wieland Brendel

Recently DeepSeek R1 has shown that reinforcement learning (RL) can substantially improve the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through a simple yet effective design. The core of R1 lies in its rule-based reward…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Haozhan Shen , Peng Liu , Jingcheng Li , Chunxin Fang , Yibo Ma , Jiajia Liao , Qiaoli Shen , Zilun Zhang , Kangjia Zhao , Qianqian Zhang , Ruochen Xu , Tiancheng Zhao

Reinforcement fine-tuning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for equipping large vision-language models (LVLMs) with agentic capabilities such as tool use and multi-step reasoning. Despite striking empirical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Carter Adams , Rafael Oliveira , Gabriel Almeida , Sofia Torres

Large reasoning models (LRMs) boosted by Reinforcement Learning from Verifier Reward (RLVR) have shown great power in problem solving, yet they often cause overthinking: excessive, meandering reasoning that inflates computational cost.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Feifan Song , Shaohang Wei , Bofei Gao , Yejie Wang , Wen Luo , Wei Li , Linli Yao , Weimin Xiong , Liang Chen , Tianyu Liu , Houfeng Wang

Large reasoning models (LRMs) exhibit unprecedented capabilities in solving complex problems through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. However, recent studies reveal that their final answers often contradict their own reasoning traces. We…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Yuhui Wang , Changjiang Li , Guangke Chen , Jiacheng Liang , Ting Wang

The emergence of compositional reasoning in large language models through reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has been a key driver of recent empirical successes. Despite this progress, it remains unclear which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Daniel Barzilai , Yotam Wolf , Ronen Basri

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has improved the reasoning ability of large language models, yet training remains costly because many rollouts contribute little to optimization, considering the amount of computation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Yan Sun , Jia Guo , Stanley Kok , Zihao Wang , Zujie Wen , Zhiqiang Zhang

Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has recently shown that large language models (LLMs) can develop their own reasoning without direct supervision. However, applications in the medical domain, specifically for question…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Mirza Farhan Bin Tarek , Rahmatollah Beheshti

As Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) substantially improves the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs), a new bottleneck emerges: more training problems become saturated, that is, the LLM answers the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Minwu Kim , Safal Shrestha , Anubhav Shrestha , Keith Ross

Reinforcement learning from verifiable rewards (RLVR) has recently gained attention for its ability to elicit self-evolved reasoning capabilitie from base language models without explicit reasoning supervisions, as demonstrated by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-28 Sheng Zhang , Qianchu Liu , Guanghui Qin , Tristan Naumann , Hoifung Poon

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a standard approach for improving reasoning in language models, yet models trained with RLVR often suffer from diversity collapse: while single-sample accuracy improves,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Marc Dymetman

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a standard paradigm for refining large language models (LLMs) beyond pre-training and instruction tuning. A prominent line of work is RL with verifiable rewards (RLVR), which leverages automatically…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Bonan Zhang , Zhongqi Chen , Bowen Song , Qinya Li , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly rely on explicit reasoning to solve coding tasks, yet evaluating the quality of this reasoning remains challenging. Existing reasoning evaluators are not designed for coding, and current benchmarks…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Yuangang Li , Justin Tian Jin Chen , Ethan Yu , David Hong , Iftekhar Ahmed

The rapid escalation from elementary school-level to frontier problems of the difficulty for LLM benchmarks in recent years have weaved a miracle for researchers that we are only inches away from surpassing human intelligence. However, is…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Kai Yan , Yufei Xu , Zhengyin Du , Xuesong Yao , Zheyu Wang , Xiaowen Guo , Jiecao Chen

Can reinforcement learning with hard, verifiable rewards teach a compact language model to reason about physics, or does it primarily learn to pattern-match toward correct answers? We study this question by training a 1.5B-parameter…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Tarjei Paule Hage , Markus J. Buehler