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Despite the increasing prevalence of large language models (LLMs), we still have a limited understanding of how their representational spaces are structured. This limits our ability to interpret how and what they learn or relate them to…

Language models are often trained to maximize the likelihood of the next token given past tokens in the training dataset. However, during inference time, they are utilized differently, generating text sequentially and auto-regressively by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Zhepeng Cen , Yao Liu , Siliang Zeng , Pratik Chaudhari , Huzefa Rangwala , George Karypis , Rasool Fakoor

Recently, prompt tuning \cite{lester2021power} has gradually become a new paradigm for NLP, which only depends on the representation of the words by freezing the parameters of pre-trained language models (PLMs) to obtain remarkable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-01-31 Pan He , Yuxi Chen , Yan Wang , Yanru Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have led to breakthroughs in language tasks, yet the internal mechanisms that enable their remarkable generalization and reasoning abilities remain opaque. This lack of transparency presents challenges such as…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-17 Haiyan Zhao , Fan Yang , Bo Shen , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Mengnan Du

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) process a large number of visual tokens, leading to significant computational costs and inefficiency. Instruction-related visual token compression demonstrates strong task relevance, which…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Lei Lei , Jie Gu , Xiaokang Ma , Chu Tang , Jingmin Chen , Tong Xu

In this paper, we investigate whether Large Language Models (LLMs) actively recall or retrieve their internal repositories of factual knowledge when faced with reasoning tasks. Through an analysis of LLMs' internal factual recall at each…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-02 Yifei Wang , Yuheng Chen , Wanting Wen , Yu Sheng , Linjing Li , Daniel Dajun Zeng

Large language models (LLMs) hold promise for generating plans for complex tasks, but their effectiveness is limited by sequential execution, lack of control flow models, and difficulties in skill retrieval. Addressing these issues is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-18 Andrei Cosmin Redis , Mohammadreza Fani Sani , Bahram Zarrin , Andrea Burattin

Despite the strong performance of large audio language models (LALMs) in various tasks, exactly how and where they integrate acoustic features with textual context remains unclear. We adapt causal tracing to investigate the internal…

声音 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Wei-Chih Chen , Chien-yu Huang , Hung-yi Lee

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely employed across various application domains, yet their black-box nature poses significant challenges to understanding how these models process input data internally to make predictions. In this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Hangfeng He , Weijie J. Su

Large Language Models (LLMs) and pre-trained Language Models (LMs) have achieved impressive success on many software engineering tasks (e.g., code completion and code generation). By leveraging huge existing code corpora (e.g., GitHub),…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-01-16 Xin Yin , Chao Ni , Xiaodan Xu , Xinrui Li , Xiaohu Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing through their state of art reasoning capabilities. This paper explores the convergence of LLM reasoning techniques and feature generation for machine learning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-21 Dharani Chandra

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate an impressive capacity to recall a vast range of factual knowledge. However, understanding their underlying reasoning and internal mechanisms in exploiting this knowledge remains a key research area.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-07 Marco Bronzini , Carlo Nicolini , Bruno Lepri , Jacopo Staiano , Andrea Passerini

Large pre-trained language models have demonstrated their proficiency in storing factual knowledge within their parameters and achieving remarkable results when fine-tuned for downstream natural language processing tasks. Nonetheless, their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-29 Konstantinos Andriopoulos , Johan Pouwelse

Memory systems often organize user-agent interactions as retrievable external memory and are crucial for long-running agents by overcoming the limited context windows of LLMs. However, existing memory systems invoke LLMs to process every…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Zijie Dai , Shiyuan Deng , Sheng Guan , Yizhou Tian , Xin Yao , Xiao Yan , James Cheng

In-context learning enables large language models (LLMs) to perform a variety of tasks, including learning to make reward-maximizing choices in simple bandit tasks. Given their potential use as (autonomous) decision-making agents, it is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-21 William M. Hayes , Nicolas Yax , Stefano Palminteri

Many applications of large language models (LLMs) require long-context understanding, but models continue to struggle with such tasks. We hypothesize that conventional next-token prediction training could contribute to this, because each…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-13 Falko Helm , Nico Daheim , Iryna Gurevych

Most vision-language models (VLMs) apply a large language model (LLM) as the decoder, where the response tokens are generated sequentially through autoregression. Therefore, the number of output tokens can be the bottleneck of the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Sixun Dong , Juhua Hu , Steven Li , Wei Wen , Qi Qian

In this study, we propose an axiomatic system to define and quantify the precise memorization and in-context reasoning effects used by the large language model (LLM) for language generation. These effects are formulated as non-linear…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-21 Siyu Lou , Yuntian Chen , Xiaodan Liang , Liang Lin , Quanshi Zhang

Recent methods that integrate spatial layouts with text for document understanding in large language models (LLMs) have shown promising results. A commonly used method is to represent layout information as text tokens and interleave them…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Zhaoqing Zhu , Chuwei Luo , Zirui Shao , Feiyu Gao , Hangdi Xing , Qi Zheng , Ji Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities, and as existing approaches for enhancing LLM reasoning continue to mature, increasing attention has shifted toward meta-reasoning as a promising direction for…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Ziqing Zhuang , Linhai Zhang , Jiasheng Si , Deyu Zhou , Yulan He