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Open-source pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong language understanding and generation capabilities, making them highly successful in a variety of tasks. However, when used as agents for dealing with complex problems in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-01 Qinhao Zhou , Zihan Zhang , Xiang Xiang , Ke Wang , Yuchuan Wu , Yongbin Li

We study what actually works and what doesn't for training large language models as agents via multi-turn reinforcement learning. Despite rapid progress, existing frameworks and definitions are fragmented, and there is no systematic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Ruiyi Wang , Prithviraj Ammanabrolu

This paper investigates Reinforcement Learning (RL) approaches to enhance the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Model (LLM) agents in long-horizon, multi-turn scenarios. Although RL algorithms such as Group Relative Policy…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being applied to increasingly difficult problems and use cases. To navigate their vast solution spaces effectively, LLMs need to be creative. Yet the subjective nature of creativity and the limits of human…

The main challenge in developing effective reinforcement learning (RL) pipelines is often the design and tuning the reward functions. Well-designed shaping reward can lead to significantly faster learning. Naively formulated rewards,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-07-20 Se Hwan Jeon , Steve Heim , Charles Khazoom , Sangbae Kim

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated the potential in acting as autonomous agents for sequential decision-making tasks. However, most existing methods either take actions greedily without planning or rely on static plans…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-01 Haotian Sun , Yuchen Zhuang , Lingkai Kong , Bo Dai , Chao Zhang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents often struggle with efficiency and performance in complex environments. We propose a novel framework that uses a Large Language Model (LLM) to dynamically generate a curriculum over available actions,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 Amirreza Alasti , Efe Erdal , Yücel Celik , Theresa Eimer

In many real-world scenarios, reward signal for agents are exceedingly sparse, making it challenging to learn an effective reward function for reward shaping. To address this issue, the proposed approach in this paper performs reward…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Wenyun Li , Wenjie Huang , Chen Sun

As large language models (LLMs) evolve into autonomous agents that execute long-horizon workflows, invoking a high-capability model at every step becomes economically unsustainable. While model routing is effective for single-turn queries,…

Sparse rewards are a major bottleneck in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), where simultaneous learning induces non-stationarity and makes reward design especially delicate. Reward shaping can accelerate learning, but in the…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Elie Abboud , Oren Gal

As Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) advance, multimodal agents show promise in real-world tasks like web navigation and embodied intelligence. However, due to limitations in a lack of external feedback, these agents struggle with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-27 Tianyi Men , Zhuoran Jin , Pengfei Cao , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Compiler auto-tuning optimizes pass sequences to improve performance metrics such as Intermediate Representation (IR) instruction count. Although recent advances leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in automating…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Haolin Pan , Hongyu Lin , Haoran Luo , Yang Liu , Kaichun Yao , Libo Zhang , Mingjie Xing , Yanjun Wu

Recent advancements in reasoning-focused language models such as OpenAI's O1 and DeepSeek-R1 have shown that scaling test-time computation-through chain-of-thought reasoning and iterative exploration-can yield substantial improvements on…

Current Large Language Models (LLMs) often undergo supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to acquire tool use capabilities. However, SFT struggles to generalize to unfamiliar or complex tool use scenarios. Recent advancements in reinforcement…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Cheng Qian , Emre Can Acikgoz , Qi He , Hongru Wang , Xiusi Chen , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Gokhan Tur , Heng Ji

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has been shown to enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), enabling the development of large reasoning models (LRMs). However, LRMs such as DeepSeek-R1 and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Yuhao Wang , Xiaopeng Li , Cheng Gong , Ziru Liu , Suiyun Zhang , Rui Liu , Xiangyu Zhao

Recent studies on post-training large language models (LLMs) for reasoning through reinforcement learning (RL) typically focus on tasks that can be accurately verified and rewarded, such as solving math problems. In contrast, our research…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Ang Lv , Ruobing Xie , Xingwu Sun , Zhanhui Kang , Rui Yan

Large language models (LLMs) inevitably make mistakes when performing step-by-step mathematical reasoning. Process Reward Models (PRMs) have emerged as a promising solution by evaluating each reasoning step. However, existing PRMs typically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-28 Shuaijie She , Junxiao Liu , Yifeng Liu , Jiajun Chen , Xin Huang , Shujian Huang

Evaluating instruction-guided image edits requires rewards that reflect subtle human preferences, yet current reward models typically depend on large-scale preference annotation and additional model training. This creates a data-efficiency…

Large reasoning models (LRMs) achieve impressive reasoning capabilities by generating lengthy chain-of-thoughts, but this "overthinking" incurs high latency and cost without commensurate accuracy gains. In this work, we introduce AALC, a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Ruosen Li , Ziming Luo , Quan Zhang , Ruochen Li , Ben Zhou , Ali Payani , Xinya Du

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a pivotal component of large language model (LLM) post-training, and agentic RL extends this paradigm to operate as agents through multi-turn interaction and tool use. Scaling such systems exposes two…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Zheyue Tan , Mustapha Abdullahi , Tuo Shi , Huining Yuan , Zelai Xu , Chao Yu , Boxun Li , Bo Zhao