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Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) effectively aligns Large Language Models (LLMs) with aggregate human preferences but often fails to address the diverse and conflicting needs of individual users. To overcome this issue, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Yinlam Chow , Guy Tennenholtz , Ted Yun , James Harrison , Arthur Gretton , Andre Barreto , Bo Dai

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is a paradigm of artificial intelligence where an agent uses a neural network to learn which actions to take in a given environment. DRL has recently gained traction from being able to solve complex…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Rajdeep Singh Hundal , Yan Xiao , Xiaochun Cao , Jin Song Dong , Manuel Rigger

Recent advancements in LLMs have revolutionized motion generation models in embodied applications. While LLM-type auto-regressive motion generation models benefit from training scalability, there remains a discrepancy between their token…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-03-27 Ran Tian , Kratarth Goel

The growing disparity between the exponential scaling of computational resources and the finite growth of high-quality text data now constrains conventional scaling approaches for large language models (LLMs). To address this challenge, we…

Post-training of flow matching models-aligning the output distribution with a high-quality target-is mathematically equivalent to imitation learning. While Supervised Fine-Tuning mimics expert demonstrations effectively, it cannot correct…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Yeyao Ma , Chen Li , Xiaosong Zhang , Han Hu , Weidi Xie

Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) enables agents to solve complex, long-horizon tasks by decomposing them into manageable sub-tasks. However, HRL methods face two fundamental challenges: (i) non-stationarity caused by the evolving…

The alignment tuning process of large language models (LLMs) typically involves instruction learning through supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and preference tuning via reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). A recent study, LIMA…

Adopting large-scale AI models in enterprise information systems is often hindered by high training costs and long development cycles, posing a significant managerial challenge. The standard end-to-end backpropagation (BP) algorithm is a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Ming-Yao Ho , Cheng-Kai Wang , You-Teng Lin , Hung-Hsuan Chen

We first pose the Unsupervised Progressive Learning (UPL) problem: an online representation learning problem in which the learner observes a non-stationary and unlabeled data stream, learning a growing number of features that persist over…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-14 James Smith , Cameron Taylor , Seth Baer , Constantine Dovrolis

Reinforcement Learning frameworks, particularly those utilizing human annotations, have become an increasingly popular method for preference fine-tuning, where the outputs of a language model are tuned to match a certain set of behavioral…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Archie Chaudhury

Reinforcement learning (RL) has revolutionized decision-making across a wide range of domains over the past few decades. Yet, deploying RL policies in real-world scenarios presents the crucial challenge of ensuring safety. Traditional safe…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-03-26 Lunet Yifru , Ali Baheri

Large language models (LLMs) alignment aims to ensure that the behavior of LLMs meets human preferences. While collecting data from multiple fine-grained, aspect-specific preferences becomes more and more feasible, existing alignment…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Jia Zhang , Yao Liu , Chen-Xi Zhang , Yi Liu , Yi-Xuan Jin , Lan-Zhe Guo , Yu-Feng Li

Traditional RL algorithms like Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) typically train on the entire rollout buffer, operating under the assumption that all generated episodes provide a beneficial optimization signal. However, these episodes…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 Dong Shu , Denghui Zhang , Jessica Hullman

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm to solve a range of complex yet specific control tasks. Yet training generalist agents that can quickly adapt to new tasks remains an outstanding challenge. Recent advances…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-29 Michael Laskin , Denis Yarats , Hao Liu , Kimin Lee , Albert Zhan , Kevin Lu , Catherine Cang , Lerrel Pinto , Pieter Abbeel

Recently, there has been significant interest in replacing the reward model in Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) methods for Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) and its variants. These…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-27 Jian Li , Haojing Huang , Yujia Zhang , Pengfei Xu , Xi Chen , Rui Song , Lida Shi , Jingwen Wang , Hao Xu

Preference-based reinforcement learning (RL) offers a promising approach for aligning policies with human intent but is often constrained by the high cost of human feedback. In this work, we introduce PrefVLM, a framework that integrates…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Udita Ghosh , Dripta S. Raychaudhuri , Jiachen Li , Konstantinos Karydis , Amit Roy-Chowdhury

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback and its variants excel in aligning with human intentions to generate helpful, harmless, and honest responses. However, most of them rely on costly human-annotated pairwise comparisons for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Hongyu Yang , Qi Zhao , Zhenhua hu , Rui Li

This paper introduces Fast Linearized Adaptive Policy (FLAP), a new meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) method that is able to extrapolate well to out-of-distribution tasks without the need to reuse data from training, and adapt almost…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-01-14 Matt Peng , Banghua Zhu , Jiantao Jiao

Emerging research in Pluralistic Artificial Intelligence (AI) alignment seeks to address how intelligent systems can be designed and deployed in accordance with diverse human needs and values. We contribute to this pursuit with a dynamic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-01 Hadassah Harland , Richard Dazeley , Peter Vamplew , Hashini Senaratne , Bahareh Nakisa , Francisco Cruz

During the preference optimization of large language models (LLMs), distribution shifts may arise between newly generated model samples and the data used to train the reward model (RM). This shift reduces the efficacy of the RM, which in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-11 Tianyuan Shi , Canbin Huang , Fanqi Wan , Longguang Zhong , Ziyi Yang , Weizhou Shen , Xiaojun Quan , Ming Yan