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Quantization is an effective technique for reducing the storage footprint and computational costs of Large Language Models (LLMs), but it often results in performance degradation. Existing post-training quantization methods typically use…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Everlyn Asiko Chimoto , Mostafa Elhoushi , Bruce A. Bassett

Preconditioned stochastic optimization algorithms, exemplified by Shampoo, outperform first-order optimizers by offering theoretical convergence benefits and practical gains in large-scale neural network training. However, they incur…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-13 Jingyang Li , Kuangyu Ding , Kim-Chuan Toh , Pan Zhou

Although post-training quantization (PTQ) provides an efficient numerical compression scheme for deploying large language models (LLMs) on resource-constrained devices, the representativeness and universality of calibration data remain a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-19 Haiyang Xiao , Weiqing Li , Jinyue Guo , Guochao Jiang , Guohua Liu , Yuewei Zhang

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a technique used to optimize and reduce the memory footprint and computational requirements of machine learning models. It has been used primarily for neural networks. For Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI)…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-10-11 Hubert Cecotti , Dalvir Dhaliwal , Hardip Singh , Yogesh Kumar Meena

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shown their remarkable capacities in many NLP tasks. However, their substantial size often presents challenges for deployment. This necessitates efficient techniques for model…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Robin Baki Davidsson , Pierre Nugues

Mixed-precision quantization mostly predetermines the model bit-width settings before actual training due to the non-differential bit-width sampling process, obtaining sub-optimal performance. Worse still, the conventional static…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-02-10 Yingchun Wang , Jingcai Guo , Song Guo , Weizhan Zhang

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is the go-to compression technique for large generative models, such as stable diffusion or large language models. PTQ methods commonly keep the softmax activation in higher precision as it has been shown to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-06 Nilesh Prasad Pandey , Marios Fournarakis , Chirag Patel , Markus Nagel

Tiny machine learning (tinyML) has emerged during the past few years aiming to deploy machine learning models to embedded AI processors with highly constrained memory and computation capacity. Low precision quantization is an important…

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in image generation but come with significant computational costs, posing challenges for deployment in resource-constrained environments. Recent post-training quantization (PTQ) methods have…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-18 Dongyeun Lee , Jiwan Hur , Hyounguk Shon , Jae Young Lee , Junmo Kim

Investigating outliers in large language models (LLMs) is crucial due to their significant impact on various aspects of LLM performance, including quantization and compression. Outliers often cause considerable quantization errors, leading…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Rahul Raman , Khushi Sharma , Sai Qian Zhang

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is essential for deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on memory-constrained devices, yet it renders models static and difficult to fine-tune. Standard fine-tuning paradigms, including Reinforcement…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Yinggan Xu , Risto Miikkulainen , Xin Qiu

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited exciting progress in multiple scenarios, while the huge computational demands hinder their deployments in lots of real-world applications. As an effective means to reduce memory footprint and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-21 Yijun Liu , Yuan Meng , Fang Wu , Shenhao Peng , Hang Yao , Chaoyu Guan , Chen Tang , Xinzhu Ma , Zhi Wang , Wenwu Zhu

A key challenge in Domain Generalization (DG) is preventing overfitting to source domains, which can be mitigated by finding flatter minima in the loss landscape. In this work, we propose Quantization-aware Training for Domain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-30 Saqib Javed , Hieu Le , Mathieu Salzmann

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) reduces the memory footprint and computational overhead of deep neural networks by converting full-precision (FP) values into quantized and compressed data types. While PTQ is more cost-efficient than…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Ali Zoljodi , Radu Timofte , Masoud Daneshtalab

The continuous improvements on image compression with variational autoencoders have lead to learned codecs competitive with conventional approaches in terms of rate-distortion efficiency. Nonetheless, taking the quantization into account…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-11 Florian Borzechowski , Michael Schäfer , Heiko Schwarz , Jonathan Pfaff , Detlev Marpe , Thomas Wiegand

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in image synthesis and related generative tasks. Nevertheless, their practicality for real-world applications is constrained by substantial computational costs and latency issues.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Yefei He , Jing Liu , Weijia Wu , Hong Zhou , Bohan Zhuang

Quantization offers a practical solution to deploy LLMs in resource-constraint environments. However, its impact on internal representations remains understudied, raising questions about the reliability of quantized models. In this study,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 Manpreet Singh , Hassan Sajjad

We study weight-only post-training quantization (PTQ), which quantizes the weights of a large language model (LLM) without retraining, using little or no calibration data. Weight-only PTQ is crucial for reducing the memory footprint and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Deokjae Lee , Hyun Oh Song

When training neural networks with simulated quantization, we observe that quantized weights can, rather unexpectedly, oscillate between two grid-points. The importance of this effect and its impact on quantization-aware training (QAT) are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-30 Markus Nagel , Marios Fournarakis , Yelysei Bondarenko , Tijmen Blankevoort

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a popular method for compressing deep neural networks (DNNs) without modifying their original architecture or training procedures. Despite its effectiveness and convenience, the reliability of PTQ methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-24 Zhihang Yuan , Jiawei Liu , Jiaxiang Wu , Dawei Yang , Qiang Wu , Guangyu Sun , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang , Bingzhe Wu