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In contemporary radiotherapy planning (RTP), a key module leaf sequencing is predominantly addressed by optimization-based approaches. In this paper, we propose a novel deep reinforcement learning (DRL) model termed as Reinforced Leaf…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Riqiang Gao , Florin C. Ghesu , Simon Arberet , Shahab Basiri , Esa Kuusela , Martin Kraus , Dorin Comaniciu , Ali Kamen

Recent progress in flow-based generative models and reinforcement learning (RL) has improved text-image alignment and visual quality. However, current RL training for flow models still has two main problems: (i) GRPO-style fixed per-prompt…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Kaijie Chen , Zhiyang Xu , Ying Shen , Zihao Lin , Yuguang Yao , Lifu Huang

Agentic retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) formulates question answering as a multi-step interaction between reasoning and information retrieval, and has recently been advanced by reinforcement learning (RL) with outcome-based…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Tianhua Zhang , Kun Li , Junan Li , Yunxiang Li , Hongyin Luo , Xixin Wu , James Glass , Helen Meng

In mathematical reasoning, data selection strategies predominantly rely on static, externally defined metrics, which fail to adapt to the evolving capabilities of models during training. This misalignment limits the efficiency of Supervised…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Jun Rao , Xuebo Liu , Hexuan Deng , Zepeng Lin , Zixiong Yu , Jiansheng Wei , Xiaojun Meng , Min Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a central component of post-training for large language models (LLMs), particularly for complex reasoning tasks that require stable optimization over long generation horizons. However, achieving…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Yuepeng Sheng , Yuwei Huang , Shuman Liu , Anxiang Zeng , Haibo Zhang

Large reasoning models that use long chain-of-thought excel at problem-solving yet waste compute on redundant checks. Curbing this overthinking is hard: training-time length penalties can cripple ability, while inference-time early-exit…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Benteng Chen , Weida Wang , Shufei Zhang , Mingbao Lin , Min Zhang

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) improves LLM reasoning, yet growing evidence indicates an exploration ceiling: it often reweights existing solution traces rather than discovering new strategies, limiting gains under…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Bizhe Bai , Xinyue Wang , Peng Ye , Tao Chen

Inference time latency has remained an open challenge for real world applications of large language models (LLMs). State-of-the-art (SOTA) speculative sampling (SpS) methods for LLMs, like EAGLE-3, use tree-based drafting to explore…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Chenan Wang , Daniel H. Shi , Haipeng Chen

Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of integrating Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) into flow matching models, particularly for text-to-image and text-to-video generation. However, we find that directly applying these…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Jin Wang , Jianxiang Lu , Guangzheng Xu , Comi Chen , Haoyu Yang , Linqing Wang , Peng Chen , Mingtao Chen , Zhichao Hu , Longhuang Wu , Shuai Shao , Qinglin Lu , Ping Luo

Recent flow matching models for text-to-image generation have achieved remarkable quality, yet their integration with reinforcement learning for human preference alignment remains suboptimal, hindering fine-grained reward-based…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-16 Xiaoxuan He , Siming Fu , Yuke Zhao , Wanli Li , Jian Yang , Dacheng Yin , Fengyun Rao , Bo Zhang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for robotic manipulation. However, existing post-training methods face a dilemma between stability and exploration: Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is constrained by…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Jiashun Li , Xiaoyu Shi , Hong Xie , Mingsheng Shang , Yun Lu

Reinforcement learning (RL) for large language model reasoning is frequently hindered by signal loss, a phenomenon where standard uniform sampling with small group sizes fails to uncover informative learning signals for difficult prompts.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-08 Wei Xiong , Chenlu Ye , Baohao Liao , Hanze Dong , Xinxing Xu , Christof Monz , Jiang Bian , Nan Jiang , Tong Zhang

Planning with pretrained diffusion models has emerged as a promising approach for solving test-time guided control problems. Standard gradient guidance typically performs optimally under convex, differentiable reward landscapes. However, it…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Hyeonseong Jeon , Cheolhong Min , Jaesik Park

RNA inverse folding, designing sequences to form specific 3D structures, is critical for therapeutics, gene regulation, and synthetic biology. Current methods, focused on sequence recovery, struggle to address structural objectives like…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Qi Si , Xuyang Liu , Penglei Wang , Xin Guo , Yuan Qi , Yuan Cheng

Inference-time alignment enhances the performance of large language models without requiring additional training or fine-tuning but presents challenges due to balancing computational efficiency with high-quality output. Best-of-N (BoN)…

Sampling-based motion planners perform exceptionally well in robotic applications that operate in high-dimensional space. However, most works often constrain the planning workspace rooted at some fixed locations, do not adaptively reason on…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2021-03-09 Tin Lai

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become the dominant paradigm for improving the performance of language models on complex reasoning tasks. Despite the substantial empirical gains demonstrated by RL-based training methods like GRPO, a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Jiayu Wang , Yifei Ming , Zixuan Ke , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty , Aws Albarghouthi , Frederic Sala

Remote state estimation of large-scale distributed dynamic processes plays an important role in Industry 4.0 applications. In this paper, by leveraging the theoretical results of structural properties of optimal scheduling policies, we…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Jiazheng Chen , Wanchun Liu , Daniel E. Quevedo , Yonghui Li , Branka Vucetic

The sim-to-real gap, which represents the disparity between training and testing environments, poses a significant challenge in reinforcement learning (RL). A promising approach to addressing this challenge is distributionally robust RL,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Miao Lu , Han Zhong , Tong Zhang , Jose Blanchet

Classical sampling-based motion planners like the RRTs suffer from inefficiencies, particularly in cluttered or high-dimensional spaces, due to their reliance on undirected, random sampling. This paper introduces the Episodic RRT, a novel…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-07-23 Xinyu Wu