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Linear activation steering is a powerful approach for eliciting the capabilities of large language models and specializing their behavior using limited labeled data. While effective, existing methods often apply a fixed steering strength to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Brandon Hsu , Daniel Beaglehole , Adityanarayanan Radhakrishnan , Mikhail Belkin

Large language models can be steered at inference time through prompting or activation interventions, but activation steering methods often underperform compared to prompt-based approaches. We propose a framework that formulates prompt…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Geert Heyman , Frederik Vandeputte

A key challenge in AI alignment is guiding large language models (LLMs) to follow desired behaviors at test time. Activation steering, which modifies internal model activations during inference, offers a potential solution. However, prior…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Reza Bayat , Ali Rahimi-Kalahroudi , Mohammad Pezeshki , Sarath Chandar , Pascal Vincent

In recent years, the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has spurred a growing demand for plug-and-play AI systems. Among the various AI techniques, prompt engineering stands out as particularly significant. However, users often face…

Large language models exhibit strong multilingual capabilities, yet significant performance gaps persist between dominant and non-dominant languages. Prior work attributes this gap to imbalances between shared and language-specific neurons…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-26 Rhitabrat Pokharel , Ameeta Agrawal , Tanay Nagar

Steering methods for language models (LMs) seek to provide fine-grained and interpretable control over model generations by variously changing model inputs, weights, or representations to adjust behavior. Recent work has shown that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Zhengxuan Wu , Qinan Yu , Aryaman Arora , Christopher D. Manning , Christopher Potts

Activation steering has emerged as a promising alternative for controlling language-model behavior at inference time by modifying intermediate representations while keeping model parameters frozen. However, large-scale evaluations such as…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Zehao Jin , Ruixuan Deng , Junran Wang , Xinjie Shen , Chao Zhang

As large language models (LLMs) become more integrated into societal systems, the risk of them perpetuating and amplifying harmful biases becomes a critical safety concern. Traditional methods for mitigating bias often rely on data…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-13 Shivam Dubey

Recent work on activation and latent steering has demonstrated that modifying internal representations can effectively guide large language models (LLMs) toward improved reasoning and efficiency without additional training. However, most…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-07 Tuc Nguyen , Thai Le

Despite impressive breadth, LLMs still rely on explicit reasoning instructions or static, one-fits-all steering methods, leaving a gap for adaptive, instruction-free reasoning amplification. We present Prototype-Based Dynamic Steering…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Ceyhun Efe Kayan , Li Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive abilities in leveraging pretrained knowledge through prompting, but they often struggle with unseen tasks, particularly in data-scarce scenarios. While cross-task in-context learning offers…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-18 Xinyu Tang , Zhihao Lv , Xiaoxue Cheng , Junyi Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Zujie Wen , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jun Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong reasoning performance by allocating substantial computation at inference time, often generating long and verbose reasoning traces. While recent work on efficient reasoning reduces this overhead…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Han Wang , Xiaodong Yu , Jialian Wu , Jiang Liu , Ximeng Sun , Mohit Bansal , Zicheng Liu

Controlling undesirable Large Language Model (LLM) behaviors, such as the generation of unsafe content or failing to adhere to safety guidelines, often relies on costly fine-tuning. Activation steering provides an alternative for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Amr Hegazy , Mostafa Elhoushi , Amr Alanwar

Activation steering has emerged as a powerful method for guiding the behavior of generative models towards desired outcomes such as toxicity mitigation. However, most existing methods apply interventions uniformly across all inputs,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-04 Alex Ferrando , Xavier Suau , Jordi Gonzàlez , Pau Rodriguez

Language models (LMs) have been shown to behave unexpectedly post-deployment. For example, new jailbreaks continually arise, allowing model misuse, despite extensive red-teaming and adversarial training from developers. Given most model…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Asa Cooper Stickland , Alexander Lyzhov , Jacob Pfau , Salsabila Mahdi , Samuel R. Bowman

The ability to follow instructions is crucial for numerous real-world applications of language models. In pursuit of deeper insights and more powerful capabilities, we derive instruction-specific vector representations from language models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Alessandro Stolfo , Vidhisha Balachandran , Safoora Yousefi , Eric Horvitz , Besmira Nushi

Controlling the behaviors of large language models (LLM) is fundamental to their safety alignment and reliable deployment. However, existing steering methods are primarily driven by empirical insights and lack theoretical performance…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Dung V. Nguyen , Hieu M. Vu , Nhi Y. Pham , Lei Zhang , Tan M. Nguyen

Adapting LLM agents to domain-specific tool calling remains notably brittle under evolving interfaces. Prompt and schema engineering is easy to deploy but often fragile under distribution shift and strict parsers, while continual…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Youjin Wang , Run Zhou , Rong Fu , Shuaishuai Cao , Hongwei Zeng , Jiaxuan Lu , Sicheng Fan , Jiaqiao Zhao , Liangming Pan

Large language models have demonstrated capabilities in text generation, while their increasing parameter scales present challenges in computational and memory efficiency. Post-training sparsity (PTS), which reduces model cost by removing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Minhao Jiang , Zhikai Li , Xuewen Liu , Jing Zhang , Mengjuan Chen , Qingyi Gu

Steering language models (LMs) by modifying internal activations is a popular approach for controlling text generation. Unsupervised dictionary learning methods, e.g., sparse autoencoders, can be scaled to produce many steering vectors, but…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Jiuding Sun , Sidharth Baskaran , Zhengxuan Wu , Michael Sklar , Christopher Potts , Atticus Geiger
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