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Endogenous security in next-generation wireless communication systems attracts increasing attentions in recent years. A typical solution to endogenous security problems is the quantum key distribution (QKD), where unconditional security can…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-08-13 Shouye Miao , Renzhi Yuan , Bin Cao , Mufei Zhao , Zhifeng Wang , Mugen Peng

We address a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) protocol employing quaternary phase-shift-keying (QPSK) of coherent states and a non-Gaussian measurement inspired by quantum receivers minimizing the error probability in a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-10-13 Michele N. Notarnicola , Marcin Jarzyna , Stefano Olivares , Konrad Banaszek

We present a quantum code-division multiple-access (q-CDMA) framework for multiuser continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) over a shared quantum channel. The proposed architecture employs chaotic phase shifters to encode and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-16 Shahnoor Ali , Neel Kanth Kundu , Sourav Chatterjee

Discrete-variable (DV) quantum key distribution (QKD) based on single-photon detectors and sources have been successfully deployed for long-range secure key distribution. On the other hand, continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-06-24 Sebastian P. Kish , Patrick J. Gleeson , Angus Walsh , Ping Koy Lam , Syed M. Assad

Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution (CV-QKD) relies on accurate noise calibration at the receiver to ensure the security of quantum communication. Traditional calibration methods often oversimplify noise characteristics, neglecting…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-09-10 Guillaume Ricard , Yves Jaouën , Romain Alléaume

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables two remote parties to grow a shared key which they can use for unconditionally secure communication [1]. The applicable distance of a QKD protocol depends on the loss and the excess noise of the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2012-10-08 Lars S. Madsen , Vladyslav C. Usenko , Mikael Lassen , Radim Filip , Ulrik L. Andersen

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) is a promising approach for secure underwater quantum communications (UQCs), where propagation loss, scattering, turbulence, and receiver thermal noise can severely degrade the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-25 Nour Rizk , Hesham S. Ibrahim , Angélique Drémeau , Arnaud Coatanhay

Nowadays, quantum communications provide a vast field of research in rapid expansion, with a huge potential impact on the future developments of quantum technologies. In particular, continuous variable systems, employing coherent-state…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-20 Michele N. Notarnicola

This paper proposes a multi-mode Gaussian modulated continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) scheme able to operate at high bandwidth despite using conventional noisy, coherent detectors. We demonstrate enhancement in shotnoise…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-07-24 Rupesh Kumar , Xinke Tang , Adrian Wonfor , Richard Penty , Ian White

Quantum receiver is an important tool for overcoming the standard quantum limit (SQL) of discrimination errors in optical communication. We theoretically study the quantum receivers for discriminating ternary and quaternary phase shift…

Continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) allows for quantum secure communication with the benefit of being close to existing classical coherent communication. In recent years, CV QKD protocols using a discrete number of…

Quantum key distribution (QKD), providing a way to generate secret keys with information-theoretic security,is arguably one of the most significant achievements in quantum information. The continuous-variable QKD (CV-QKD) offers the…

Establishing scalable, secure quantum networks requires advancing beyond conventional point-to-point quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols toward point-to-multipoint QKD protocols. Here, we generalize a well-established…

Multi-carrier continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) is considered to be a promising way to boost the secret key rate (SKR) over the existing single-carrier CV-QKD scheme. However, the extra excess noise induced in the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-03-22 Heng Wang , Yan Pan , Yun Shao , Yaodi Pi , Ting Ye , Yang Li , Tao Zhang , Jinlu Liu , Jie Yang , Li Ma , Wei Huang , Bingjie Xu

Continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD), utilizes continuous variables encoding such as the quadra-ture components of the quantized electromagnetic field and coherent detection decoding, offering good compatibility with the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-07-22 Pu Wang , Yan Tian , Yongmin Li

Continuous variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) is the sharing of secret keys between different parties using the continuous amplitude and phase quadratures of light. There are many protocols in which different modulation schemes are…

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) over free-space optical links is a promising approach for secure communication, but its performance is limited by turbulence, pointing errors, and angular leakage that can be exploited by…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-12-23 Mohammad Taghi Dabiri , Meysam Ghanbari , Rula Ammuri , Saif Al-Kuwari , Mazen Hasna , Khalid Qaraqe

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides information-theoretic security and satellite-based quantum key distribution (SatQKD) has demonstrated the potential to extend this communication security to intercontinental scales. However,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-19 Yaoxuan Yang , Ivi Afxenti , Majid Safari

We propose quantum receivers with optical squeezing and photon-number-resolving detector (PNRD) for the near-optimal discrimination of quaternary phase-shift-keyed coherent state signals. The basic scheme is similar to the previous…

量子物理 · 物理学 2013-04-25 Shuro Izumi , Masahiro Takeoka , Kazuhiro Ema , Masahide Sasaki

Most quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols can be classified as either a discrete-variable (DV) protocol or continuous-variable (CV) protocol, based on how classical information is being encoded. We propose a protocol that combines the…

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