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Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models achieve efficient scaling through sparse expert activation, but often suffer from suboptimal routing decisions due to distribution shifts in deployment. While existing test-time adaptation methods could…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Guinan Su , Yanwu Yang , Li Shen , Lu Yin , Shiwei Liu , Jonas Geiping

Integrated terrestrial and non-terrestrial network (TN-NTN) architectures offer a promising solution for expanding coverage and improving capacity for the network. While non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) are primarily exploited for these…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Henri Alam , Antonio de Domenico , Tareq Si Salem , Florian Kaltenberger

Real-world model deployment across multiple domains requires multimodal models to operate under two complementary regimes: (1) multi-task pretraining, tasks are co-available at design time where related tasks could borrow representational…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Xing Han , Shravan Chaudhari , Tanvi Ranade , Rama Chellappa , Suchi Saria

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models improve transformer efficiency but lack a unified theoretical explanation, especially when both feed-forward and attention layers are allowed to specialize. To this end, we study the Mixture-of-Transformers…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Hongbo Li , Qinhang Wu , Sen Lin , Yingbin Liang , Ness B. Shroff

The interpretability of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models, especially those with heterogeneous designs, remains underexplored. Existing attribution methods for dense models fail to capture dynamic routing-expert interactions in sparse MoE…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Junzhuo Li , Bo Wang , Xiuze Zhou , Peijie Jiang , Jia Liu , Xuming Hu

Mixture-of-Experts models, now popular for scaling capacity at fixed inference speed, switch experts at nearly every token. Once a model outgrows available GPU memory, this churn can render optimizations like offloading and pre-fetching…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Zeyu Shen , Peter Henderson

Dense Retrieval Models (DRMs) are a prominent development in Information Retrieval (IR). A key challenge with these neural Transformer-based models is that they often struggle to generalize beyond the specific tasks and domains they were…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Effrosyni Sokli , Pranav Kasela , Georgios Peikos , Gabriella Pasi

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture has demonstrated significant advantages in the era of Large Language Models (LLMs), offering enhanced capabilities with reduced inference costs. However, deploying MoE-based LLMs on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-07 Peng Tang , Jiacheng Liu , Xiaofeng Hou , Yifei Pu , Jing Wang , Pheng-Ann Heng , Chao Li , Minyi Guo

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a milestone in aligning large language models with human instructions and adapting them to downstream tasks. In particular, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has gained widespread attention due to its parameter…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Jia-Chen Zhang , Yu-Jie Xiong , Xi-He Qiu , Chun-Ming Xia , Fei Dai , Zheng Zhou

The sparse Mixture-of-Experts (Sparse-MoE) framework efficiently scales up model capacity in various domains, such as natural language processing and vision. Sparse-MoEs select a subset of the "experts" (thus, only a portion of the overall…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-06 Shibal Ibrahim , Wenyu Chen , Hussein Hazimeh , Natalia Ponomareva , Zhe Zhao , Rahul Mazumder

Recent progress in deep learning has been driven by increasingly large-scale models, but the resulting computational cost has become a critical bottleneck. Sparse Mixture of Experts (MoE) offers an effective solution by activating only a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Masahiro Kada , Ryota Yoshihashi , Satoshi Ikehata , Rei Kawakami , Ikuro Sato

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (SMoE) has gained prominence as a scalable and computationally efficient architecture, enabling significant growth in model capacity without incurring additional inference costs. However, existing SMoE models often…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Duc Anh Nguyen , Huu Binh Ta , Nhuan Le Duc , Tan M. Nguyen , Toan Tran

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) allows scaling of language and vision models efficiently by activating only a small subset of experts per input. While this reduces computation, the large number of parameters still incurs substantial memory…

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (SMoE) architectures are increasingly used to scale large language models efficiently, delivering strong accuracy under fixed compute budgets. However, SMoE models often suffer from severe load imbalance across…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Zijie Liu , Jie Peng , Jinhao Duan , Zirui Liu , Kaixiong Zhou , Mingfu Liang , Luke Simon , Xi Liu , Zhaozhuo Xu , Tianlong Chen

ExpertRAG is a novel theoretical framework that integrates Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures with Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) to advance the efficiency and accuracy of knowledge-intensive language modeling. We propose a…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Esmail Gumaan

Mixture-of-experts (MoE) models enable scalable transformer architectures by activating only a subset of experts per token. Recent evidence suggests that performance improves with increasingly granular experts, i.e., many small experts…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Klaus-Rudolf Kladny , Maximilian Mordig , Bernhard Schölkopf , Michael Muehlebach

Mixture-of-Expert (MoE) models have obtained state-of-the-art performance in Neural Machine Translation (NMT) tasks. Existing works in MoE mostly consider a homogeneous design where the same number of experts of the same size are placed…

The combination of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) and Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has shown significant potential for enhancing the multi-task learning capabilities of Large Language Models. However, existing methods face two primary challenges:…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Boyan Shi , Wei Chen , Shuyuan Zhao , Junfeng Shen , Shengnan Guo , Shaojiang Wang , Huaiyu Wan

Traditional multi-task learning (MTL) methods use dense networks that use the same set of shared weights across several different tasks. This often creates interference where two or more tasks compete to pull model parameters in different…

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has become a key architecture for scaling large language models (LLMs) efficiently. Recent fine-grained MoE designs introduce hundreds of experts per layer, with multiple experts activated per token, enabling…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Yuanteng Chen , Peisong Wang , Yuantian Shao , Nanxin Zeng , Chang Xu , Jian Cheng