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Class imbalance remains a critical challenge in machine learning (ML), particularly in the medical domain, where underrepresented minority classes lead to biased models and reduced predictive performance. This study introduces…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Vikas Kashtriya , Pardeep Singh

This paper presents the experimental process and results of SVM, Gradient Boosting, and an Attention-GRU Hybrid model in predicting the Implied Volatility of rolled-over five-year spread contracts of credit default swaps (CDS) on European…

计算金融 · 定量金融 2024-08-29 Robert Taylor

Data-driven fault diagnostics and prognostics suffers from class-imbalance problem in industrial systems and it raises challenges to common machine learning algorithms as it becomes difficult to learn the features of the minority class…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-11-20 Wenfang Lin , Zhenyu Wu , Yang Ji

Leaderboard scores on public benchmarks have been steadily rising and converging, with many frontier language models now separated by only marginal differences. However, these scores often fail to match users' day to day experience, because…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Yiliang Song , Hongjun An , Jiangong Xiao , Haofei Zhao , Jiawei Shao , Xuelong Li

Deep convolutional neural networks have achieved remarkable success in face recognition (FR), partly due to the abundant data availability. However, the current training benchmarks exhibit an imbalanced quality distribution; most images are…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-21 Sahar Rahimi Malakshan , Mohammad Saeed Ebrahimi Saadabadi , Nima Najafzadeh , Nasser M. Nasrabadi

Credit risk scoring must support high-stakes lending decisions where data distributions change over time, probability estimates must be reliable, and group-level fairness is required. While modern machine learning models improve default…

风险管理 · 定量金融 2026-03-10 Srikumar Nayak

We introduce a new portfolio credit risk model based on Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs), which are stochastic neural networks capable of universal approximation of loss distributions. We test the model on an empirical dataset of…

计算金融 · 定量金融 2023-04-26 Giuseppe Genovese , Ashkan Nikeghbali , Nicola Serra , Gabriele Visentin

Scoring models support decision-making in financial institutions. Their estimation and evaluation are based on the data of previously accepted applicants with known repayment behavior. This creates sampling bias: the available labeled data…

The development of computing has made credit scoring approaches possible, with various machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques becoming more and more valuable. While complex models yield more accurate predictions, their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-06 Md Shihab Reza , Monirul Islam Mahmud , Ifti Azad Abeer , Nova Ahmed

This paper introduces a novel oversampling technique designed to improve classification performance on imbalanced datasets. The proposed method enhances the traditional SMOTE algorithm by incorporating convex combination and kernel-based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Wenjie Li , Sibo Zhu , Zhijian Li , Hanlin Wang

This work empirically evaluates machine learning models on two imbalanced public datasets (KDDCUP99 and Credit Card Fraud 2013). The method includes data preparation, model training, and evaluation, using an 80/20 (train/test) split. Models…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 Markus Haug , Gissel Velarde

In the last decade, machine learning techniques have gained popularity for estimating causal effects. One machine learning approach that can be used for estimating an average treatment effect is Double/debiased machine learning (DML)…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2025-01-17 Daniele Ballinari , Nora Bearth

Class imbalanced problems (CIP) are one of the potential challenges in developing unbiased Machine Learning (ML) models for predictions. CIP occurs when data samples are not equally distributed between the two or multiple classes.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-18 Md Manjurul Ahsan , Shivakumar Raman , Zahed Siddique

Credit scores are critical for allocating consumer debt in the United States, yet little evidence is available on their performance. We benchmark a widely used credit score against a machine learning model of consumer default and find…

风险管理 · 定量金融 2024-09-04 Stefania Albanesi , Domonkos F. Vamossy

Credit ratings are one of the primary keys that reflect the level of riskiness and reliability of corporations to meet their financial obligations. Rating agencies tend to take extended periods of time to provide new ratings and update…

风险管理 · 定量金融 2020-07-15 Parisa Golbayani , Ionuţ Florescu , Rupak Chatterjee

In recent years, China's bond market has seen a surge in defaults amid regulatory reforms and macroeconomic volatility. Traditional machine learning models struggle to capture financial data's irregularity and temporal dependencies, while…

风险管理 · 定量金融 2025-09-16 Yi Lu , Aifan Ling , Chaoqun Wang , Yaxin Xu

Predicting potential credit default accounts in advance is challenging. Traditional statistical techniques typically cannot handle large amounts of data and the dynamic nature of fraud and humans. To tackle this problem, recent research has…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-07-04 Sheikh Rabiul Islam , William Eberle , Sheikh Khaled Ghafoor

A common issue for classification in scientific research and industry is the existence of imbalanced classes. When sample sizes of different classes are imbalanced in training data, naively implementing a classification method often leads…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2021-07-02 Yang Feng , Min Zhou , Xin Tong

Knowing which factors are significant in credit rating assignment leads to better decision-making. However, the focus of the literature thus far has been mostly on structured data, and fewer studies have addressed unstructured or…

综合金融 · 定量金融 2025-02-17 Mahsa Tavakoli , Rohitash Chandra , Fengrui Tian , Cristián Bravo

This paper studies a Markov network model for unbalanced data, aiming to solve the problems of classification bias and insufficient minority class recognition ability of traditional machine learning models in environments with uneven class…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-06 Junliang Du , Shiyu Dou , Bohuan Yang , Jiacheng Hu , Tai An