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The growing adoption of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has led to a rise in adversarial attacks. Existing defenses, relying on semantic analysis or voting, face a trade-off between high computational cost and limited robustness under…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Chengcai Gao , Zhihong Sun , Xiaochuan Shi , Qiufeng Wang , Chao Liang

Iterative jailbreak methods that repeatedly rewrite and input prompts into large language models (LLMs) to induce harmful outputs -- using the model's previous responses to guide each new iteration -- have been found to be a highly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Masahiro Kaneko , Zeerak Talat , Timothy Baldwin

Web agents can autonomously complete online tasks by interacting with websites, but their exposure to open web environments makes them vulnerable to prompt injection attacks embedded in HTML content or visual interfaces. Existing guard…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Tri Cao , Yulin Chen , Hieu Cao , Yibo Li , Khoi Le , Thong Nguyen , Yuexin Li , Yufei He , Yue Liu , Shuicheng Yan , Bryan Hooi

Security applications are increasingly relying on large language models (LLMs) for cyber threat detection; however, their opaque reasoning often limits trust, particularly in decisions that require domain-specific cybersecurity knowledge.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Arnabh Borah , Md Tanvirul Alam , Nidhi Rastogi

Diffusion models offer superior generation quality at the expense of extensive sampling steps. Distillation methods, with Distribution Matching Distillation (DMD) as a popular example, can mitigate this issue, but performance degradation…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Xu Wang , Zexian Li , Litong Gong , Tiezheng Ge , Zhijie Deng

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has attracted significant attention due to its ability to combine the generative capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) with knowledge obtained through efficient retrieval mechanisms over…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-19 Aiman Al Masoud , Marco Arazzi , Antonino Nocera

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enriches LLMs by dynamically retrieving external knowledge, reducing hallucinations and satisfying real-time information needs. While existing research mainly targets RAG's performance and efficiency,…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-12-29 Zhuo Chen , Yuyang Gong , Jiawei Liu , Miaokun Chen , Haotan Liu , Qikai Cheng , Fan Zhang , Wei Lu , Xiaozhong Liu

In the surveillance and defense domain, multi-target detection and classification (MTD) is considered essential yet challenging due to heterogeneous inputs from diverse data sources and the computational complexity of algorithms designed…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Ngoc Tuyen Do , Tri Nhu Do

Neural networks can learn spurious correlations in the data, often leading to performance degradation for underrepresented subgroups. Studies have demonstrated that the disparity is amplified when knowledge is distilled from a complex…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Patrik Kenfack , Ulrich Aïvodji , Samira Ebrahimi Kahou

The indexing-retrieval-generation paradigm of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been highly successful in solving knowledge-intensive tasks by integrating external knowledge into large language models (LLMs). However, the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Xun Liang , Simin Niu , Zhiyu Li , Sensen Zhang , Hanyu Wang , Feiyu Xiong , Jason Zhaoxin Fan , Bo Tang , Shichao Song , Mengwei Wang , Jiawei Yang

Model distillation enables efficient emulation of frontier large language models (LLMs), creating a need for robust mechanisms to detect when a third-party student model has trained on a teacher model's outputs. However, existing…

Recent research has explored distilling knowledge from large language models (LLMs) to optimize retriever models, especially within the retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) framework. However, most existing training methods rely on…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-06-19 Zizhong Li , Haopeng Zhang , Jiawei Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) facilitates collaborative model training among distributed clients while ensuring that raw data remains on local devices.Despite this advantage, FL systems are still exposed to risks from malicious or unreliable…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Deepthy K Bhaskar , Minimol B , Binu V P

Fine-grained identification of IDS-flagged suspicious traffic is crucial in cybersecurity. In practice, cyber threats evolve continuously, making the discovery of novel malicious traffic a critical necessity as well as the identification of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Xiang Luo , Chang Liu , Gang Xiong , Chen Yang , Gaopeng Gou , Yaochen Ren , Zhen Li

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems are vulnerable to attacks that inject poisoned passages into the retrieved context, even at low corruption rates. We show that existing attacks are not designed to be stealthy, allowing reliable…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Sarthak Choudhary , Nils Palumbo , Ashish Hooda , Krishnamurthy Dj Dvijotham , Somesh Jha

Deep neural networks usually require large labeled datasets for training to achieve state-of-the-art performance in many tasks, such as image classification and natural language processing. Although a lot of data is created each day by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-03 Jing Lin , Ryan Luley , Kaiqi Xiong

Achieving resiliency against adversarial attacks is necessary prior to deploying neural network classifiers in domains where misclassification incurs substantial costs, e.g., self-driving cars or medical imaging. Recent work has…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-02-27 Jieren Deng , Aaron Palmer , Rigel Mahmood , Ethan Rathbun , Jinbo Bi , Kaleel Mahmood , Derek Aguiar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of applications, e.g., medical question-answering, mathematical sciences, and code generation. However, they also exhibit inherent limitations, such…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Yang Jiao , Xiaodong Wang , Kai Yang

Intent detection, a core component of natural language understanding, has considerably evolved as a crucial mechanism in safeguarding large language models (LLMs). While prior work has applied intent detection to enhance LLMs' moderation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Jun Zhuang , Haibo Jin , Ye Zhang , Zhengjian Kang , Wenbin Zhang , Gaby G. Dagher , Haohan Wang

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly adopted on edge devices, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is gaining prominence as a solution to address factual deficiencies and hallucinations by integrating external knowledge.…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-05-02 Chenhao Xu , Longxiang Gao , Yuan Miao , Xi Zheng