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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have emerged as a promising solution to mitigate LLM hallucinations and enhance their performance in knowledge-intensive domains. However, these systems are vulnerable to adversarial poisoning…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Jinyan Su , Jin Peng Zhou , Zhengxin Zhang , Preslav Nakov , Claire Cardie

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by retrieving relevant documents from external sources to improve factual accuracy and verifiability. However, this reliance introduces new attack surfaces within…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Saket S. Chaturvedi , Gaurav Bagwe , Lan Zhang , Xiaoyong Yuan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is widely used to augment large language models with external knowledge retrieval to improve reliability and generalization. However, recent studies have shown that RAG systems remain vulnerable to data…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Xingyu Lyu , Jianfeng He , Ning Wang , Yidan Hu , Tao Li , Danjue Chen , Shixiong Li , Yimin Chen

With the emergence of large language models, such as LLaMA and OpenAI GPT-3, In-Context Learning (ICL) gained significant attention due to its effectiveness and efficiency. However, ICL is very sensitive to the choice, order, and verbaliser…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Simon Yu , Jie He , Pasquale Minervini , Jeff Z. Pan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly exposed to adaptive jailbreaking, particularly in high-stakes Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) domains. Although streaming probes enable real-time monitoring, they still…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Xuanli He , Bilgehan Sel , Faizan Ali , Jenny Bao , Hoagy Cunningham , Jerry Wei

Adversarial training is the most promising method for learning robust models against adversarial examples. A recent study has shown that knowledge distillation between the same architectures is effective in improving the performance of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-02 Tomokatsu Takahashi , Masanori Yamada , Yuuki Yamanaka , Tomoya Yamashita

The deployment and application of Large Language Models (LLMs) is hindered by their memory inefficiency, computational demands, and the high costs of API inferences. Traditional distillation methods, which transfer the capabilities of LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-21 Yifei Zhang , Bo Pan , Chen Ling , Yuntong Hu , Liang Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, which attempt to elicit harmful responses from LLMs. The evolving nature and diversity of these attacks pose many challenges for defense systems, including (1) adaptation…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Guangyu Yang , Jinghong Chen , Jingbiao Mei , Weizhe Lin , Bill Byrne

Adversarial training is one effective approach for training robust deep neural networks against adversarial attacks. While being able to bring reliable robustness, adversarial training (AT) methods in general favor high capacity models,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-08-19 Bojia Zi , Shihao Zhao , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing (NLP), enabling applications from content generation to decision support. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves LLMs by incorporating external knowledge but…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Zirui Cheng , Jikai Sun , Anjun Gao , Yueyang Quan , Zhuqing Liu , Xiaohua Hu , Minghong Fang

Adversarial training is a widely adopted strategy to bolster the robustness of neural network models against adversarial attacks. This paper revisits the fundamental assumptions underlying image classification and suggests that representing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Erh-Chung Chen , Che-Rung Lee

Adversarial robustness distillation (ARD) aims to transfer both performance and robustness from teacher model to lightweight student model, enabling resilient performance on resource-constrained scenarios. Though existing ARD approaches…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-17 Liming Lu , Shuchao Pang , Xu Zheng , Xiang Gu , Anan Du , Yunhuai Liu , Yongbin Zhou

SMS-based phishing (smishing) attacks have surged, yet training effective on-device detectors requires labelled threat data that quickly becomes outdated. To deal with this issue, we present Agentic Knowledge Distillation, which consists of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Adel ElZemity , Joshua Sylvester , Budi Arief , Rogério De Lemos

Knowledge Distillation (KD) has been used in image classification for model compression. However, rare studies apply this technology on single-stage object detectors. Focal loss shows that the accumulated errors of easily-classified samples…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-01-15 Shitao Tang , Litong Feng , Wenqi Shao , Zhanghui Kuang , Wei Zhang , Yimin Chen

Knowledge distillation is effective for producing small, high-performance neural networks for classification, but these small networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. This paper studies how adversarial robustness transfers from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-02 Micah Goldblum , Liam Fowl , Soheil Feizi , Tom Goldstein

Large Language Models (LLMs) are constrained by outdated information and a tendency to generate incorrect data, commonly referred to as "hallucinations." Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses these limitations by combining the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Jiaqi Xue , Mengxin Zheng , Yebowen Hu , Fei Liu , Xun Chen , Qian Lou

Large Language Model (LLM) agents can leverage tools such as Google Search to complete complex tasks. However, this tool usage introduces the risk of indirect prompt injections, where malicious instructions hidden in tool outputs can…

Federated learning is highly susceptible to model poisoning attacks, especially those meticulously crafted for servers. Traditional defense methods mainly focus on updating assessments or robust aggregation against manually crafted myopic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-17 Yujing Wang , Hainan Zhang , Sijia Wen , Wangjie Qiu , Binghui Guo

Adversarial Training is a practical approach for improving the robustness of deep neural networks against adversarial attacks. Although bringing reliable robustness, the performance towards clean examples is negatively affected after…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Shiji Zhao , Xizhe Wang , Xingxing Wei

Large language models (LLMs) are proven to benefit a lot from retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) in alleviating hallucinations confronted with knowledge-intensive questions. RAG adopts information retrieval techniques to inject external…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Junda Zhu , Lingyong Yan , Haibo Shi , Dawei Yin , Lei Sha