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Formal languages let us define the textual representation of data with precision. Formal grammars, typically in the form of BNF-like productions, describe the language syntax, which is then annotated for syntax-directed translation and…

Proof scores can be regarded as outlines of the formal verification of system properties. They have been historically used by the OBJ family of specification languages. The main advantage of proof scores is that they follow the same syntax…

The success of a number of projects has been shown to be significantly improved by the use of a formalism. However, there remains an open issue: to what extent can a development process based on a singular formal notation and method…

Formal semantics provides rigorous, mathematically precise definitions of programming languages, with which we can argue about program behaviour and program equivalence by formal means; in particular, we can describe and verify our…

The Language Server Protocol (LSP) changed the field of Integrated Development Environments(IDEs), as it decouples core (programming) language features functionality from editor smarts, thus lowering the effort required to extend an IDE to…

The Internet of Things is transforming our society, providing new services that improve the quality of life and resource management. These applications are based on ubiquitous networks of multiple distributed devices, with limited computing…

We find, motivated by real-world applications, that the well-known request-response specification comes with multiple variations, and that these variations should be distinguished. As the first main contribution, we introduce a…

This paper proposes the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for translating Request for Comments (RFC) protocol specifications into a format compatible with the Cryptographic Protocol Shapes Analyzer (CPSA). This novel approach aims to…

The validation of requirements is a fundamental step in the development process of safety-critical systems. In safety critical applications such as aerospace, avionics and railways, the use of formal methods is of paramount importance both…

Context: Formal methods (FMs) have been around for a while, still being unclear how to leverage their benefits, overcome their challenges, and set new directions for their improvement towards a more successful transfer into practice.…

Previous works on formally studying mobile robotic swarms consider necessary and sufficient system hypotheses enabling to solve theoretical benchmark problems (geometric pattern formation, gathering, scattering, etc.). We argue that formal…

Firewalls are security devices that perform network traffic filtering. They are ubiquitous in the industry and are a common method used to enforce organizational security policy. Security policy is specified on a high level of abstraction,…

A common requirement in policy specification languages is the ability to map policies to the underlying network devices. Doing so, in a provably correct way, is important in a security policy context, so administrators can be confident of…

Neural network verification tools currently support only a narrow class of specifications, typically expressed as low-level constraints over raw inputs and outputs. This limitation significantly hinders their adoption and practical…

A cryptographic protocol (CP) is a distributed algorithm designed to provide a secure communication in an insecure environment. CPs are used, for example, in electronic payments, electronic voting procedures, database access systems, etc.…

Most recent theoretical literature on program obfuscation is based on notions like Virtual Black Box (VBB) obfuscation and indistinguishability Obfuscation (iO). These notions are very strong and are hard to satisfy. Further, they offer far…

The multiplicity of software projects' stakeholders and activities leads to the multiplicity of software specification views and thus creates the need to establish mutual consistency between them. The process of establishing such…

QUIC is an advanced transport layer protocol whose ubiquity on the Internet is now very apparent. Importantly, QUIC fuels the next generation of web browsing: HTTP/3. QUIC is a stateful and connection oriented protocol which offers similar…

This paper proposes a new obfuscation technique of a communication protocol that is aimed at making the reverse engineering of the protocol more complex. The obfuscation is based on the transformation of protocol message format…

Our goal is to use formal methods to analyse normative documents written in English, such as privacy policies and service-level agreements. This requires the combination of a number of different elements, including information extraction…