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Gradient inversion attacks reveal that private training text can be reconstructed from shared gradients, posing a privacy risk to large language models (LLMs). While prior methods perform well in small-batch settings, scaling to larger…

The use of Transformer represents a recent success in speech enhancement. However, as its core component, self-attention suffers from quadratic complexity, which is computationally prohibited for long speech recordings. Moreover, it allows…

Few-shot adaptation of vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP typically relies on learning textual prompts matched to global image embeddings. Recent works extend this paradigm by incorporating local image-text alignment to capture…

A semi-supervised learning method for spiking neural networks is proposed. The proposed method consists of supervised learning by backpropagation and subsequent unsupervised learning by spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), which is a…

Convolutional layers are an integral part of many deep neural network solutions in computer vision. Recent work shows that replacing the standard convolution operation with mechanisms based on self-attention leads to improved performance on…

Attention-based transformer networks have demonstrated promising potential as their applications extend from natural language processing to vision. However, despite the recent improvements, such as sub-quadratic attention approximation and…

Self-attention mechanism is the key of the Transformer but often criticized for its computation demands. Previous token pruning works motivate their methods from the view of computation redundancy but still need to load the full network and…

The success of semi-supervised learning crucially relies on the scalability to a huge amount of unlabelled data that are needed to capture the underlying manifold structure for better classification. Since computing the pairwise similarity…

As long-context inference becomes central to large language models (LLMs), attention over growing key-value caches emerges as a dominant decoding bottleneck, motivating sparse attention for scalable inference. Fixed-budget top-k sparse…

Graph neural networks (GNN) have been ubiquitous in graph node classification tasks. Most of GNN methods update the node embedding iteratively by aggregating its neighbors' information. However, they often suffer from negative disturbance,…

Graph neural networks (GNNs) with unsupervised learning can solve large-scale combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) with efficient time complexity, making them versatile for various applications. However, since this method maps the…

Object detection is a critical task in computer vision, with applications in various domains such as autonomous driving and urban scene monitoring. However, deep learning-based approaches often demand large volumes of annotated data, which…

Channel and spatial attention mechanism has proven to provide an evident performance boost of deep convolution neural networks (CNNs). Most existing methods focus on one or run them parallel (series), neglecting the collaboration between…

Self-attention is a useful mechanism to build generative models for language and images. It determines the importance of context elements by comparing each element to the current time step. In this paper, we show that a very lightweight…

A scalable semi-supervised node classification method on graph-structured data, called GraphHop, is proposed in this work. The graph contains attributes of all nodes but labels of a few nodes. The classical label propagation (LP) method and…

Although transformer has achieved great progress on computer vision tasks, the scale variation in dense image prediction is still the key challenge. Few effective multi-scale techniques are applied in transformer and there are two main…

This work aims to improve the efficiency of vision transformers (ViT). While ViTs use computationally expensive self-attention operations in every layer, we identify that these operations are highly correlated across layers -- a key…

Deep learning models for semantic segmentation rely on expensive, large-scale, manually annotated datasets. Labelling is a tedious process that can take hours per image. Automatically annotating video sequences by propagating sparsely…

Token embeddings play a crucial role in language modeling but, despite this practical relevance, their theoretical understanding remains limited. Our paper addresses the gap by characterizing the structure of embeddings obtained via…

Semi-supervised object detection (SSOD) has made significant progress with the development of pseudo-label-based end-to-end methods. However, many of these methods face challenges due to class imbalance, which hinders the effectiveness of…