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Phishing emails are the first step for many of today's attacks. They come with a simple hyperlink, request for action or a full replica of an existing service or website. The goal is generally to trick the user to voluntarily give away his…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-04-22 Suhail Paliath , Mohammad Abu Qbeitah , Monther Aldwairi

Phishing attacks, typically carried out by email, remain a significant cybersecurity threat with attackers creating legitimate-looking websites to deceive recipients into revealing sensitive information or executing harmful actions. In this…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-03 Wei Kang , Nan Wang , Jang Seung , Shuo Wang , Alsharif Abuadbba

Phishing websites distribute unsolicited content and are frequently used to commit email and internet fraud; detecting them before any user information is submitted is critical. Several efforts have been made to detect these phishing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-09-06 Chidimma Opara , Yingke Chen , Bo. wei

Phishing attacks represent an increasingly sophisticated and pervasive threat to individuals and organizations, causing significant financial losses, identity theft, and severe damage to institutional reputations. Existing phishing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 Lohith Srikanth Pentapalli , Jon Salisbury , Josette Riep , Kelly Cohen

The Uniform Resource Locator (URL), introduced in a connectivity-first era to define access and locate resources, remains historically limited, lacking future-proof mechanisms for security, trust, or resilience against fraud and abuse,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Najmul Hasan , Prashanth BusiReddyGari

Enterprise security is increasingly being threatened by social engineering attacks, such as phishing, which deceive employees into giving access to enterprise data. To protect both the users themselves and enterprise data, more and more…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-22 Mithün Paul , Genevieve Bartlett , Jelena Mirkovic , Marjorie Freedman

Phishing is the number one threat in the world of internet. Phishing attacks are from decades and with each passing year it is becoming a major problem for internet users as attackers are coming with unique and creative ideas to breach the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-04-13 Ayesha Arshad , Attique Ur Rehman , Sabeen Javaid , Tahir Muhammad Ali , Javed Anjum Sheikh , Muhammad Azeem

In this paper we employ quantitative measurements of cognitive vulnerability triggers in phishing emails to predict the degree of success of an attack. To achieve this we rely on the cognitive psychology literature and develop an automated…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-05-30 Amber van der Heijden , Luca Allodi

With increasingly more sophisticated phishing campaigns in recent years, phishing emails lure people using more legitimate-looking personal contexts. To tackle this problem, instead of traditional heuristics-based algorithms, more adaptive…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-07-06 Yuwei Sun , Ng Chong , Hideya Ochiai

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely integrated into critical automated workflows, including contract review and job application processes. However, LLMs are susceptible to manipulation by fraudulent information, which can lead to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Naen Xu , Jinghuai Zhang , Ping He , Chunyi Zhou , Jun Wang , Zhihui Fu , Tianyu Du , Zhaoxiang Wang , Shouling Ji

Phishing attacks are one of the trending cyber attacks that apply socially engineered messages that are communicated to people from professional hackers aiming at fooling users to reveal their sensitive information, the most popular…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2016-08-09 Adwan Yasin , Abdelmunem Abuhasan

Web phishing remains a serious cyber threat responsible for most data breaches. Machine Learning (ML)-based anti-phishing detectors are seen as an effective countermeasure, and are increasingly adopted by web-browsers and software products.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-04-05 Alsharif Abuadbba , Shuo Wang , Mahathir Almashor , Muhammed Ejaz Ahmed , Raj Gaire , Seyit Camtepe , Surya Nepal

Protecting and preventing sensitive data from being used inappropriately has become a challenging task. Even a small mistake in securing data can be exploited by phishing attacks to release private information such as passwords or financial…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-08-31 Luke Barlow , Gueltoum Bendiaby , Stavros Shiaelesy , Nick Savage

Spam messes up users inbox, consumes resources and spread attacks like DDoS, MiM, phishing etc. Phishing is a byproduct of email and causes financial loss to users and loss of reputation to financial institutions. In this paper we examine…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2011-08-09 Cynthia Dhinakaran , Dhinaharan Nagamalai , Jae Kwang Lee

This paper explores the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in spear phishing message generation and evaluates their performance compared to human-authored counterparts. Our pilot study examines the effectiveness of smishing (SMS phishing)…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-03-20 Jerson Francia , Derek Hansen , Ben Schooley , Matthew Taylor , Shydra Murray , Greg Snow

Recent times have witnessed the rise of anti-phishing schemes powered by deep learning (DL). In particular, logo-based phishing detectors rely on DL models from Computer Vision to identify logos of well-known brands on webpages, to detect…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-09-14 Jehyun Lee , Zhe Xin , Melanie Ng Pei See , Kanav Sabharwal , Giovanni Apruzzese , Dinil Mon Divakaran

In this paper, we introduce a metadata-enriched generation framework (PhishFuzzer) that seeds real emails into Large Language Models (LLMs) to produce 23,100 diverse, structurally consistent email variants across controlled entity and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Rebeka Toth , Tamas Bisztray , Nils Gruschka

Phishing emails continue to pose a persistent challenge to online communication, exploiting human trust and evading automated filters through realistic language and adaptive tactics. While large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-10 Daniyal Ganiuly , Assel Smaiyl

The escalating reliance on revolutionary online web services has introduced heightened security risks, with persistent challenges posed by phishing despite extensive security measures. Traditional phishing systems, reliant on machine…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-01-23 Saba Aslam , Hafsa Aslam , Arslan Manzoor , Chen Hui , Abdur Rasool

Spear phishing is a complex targeted attack in which, an attacker harvests information about the victim prior to the attack. This information is then used to create sophisticated, genuine-looking attack vectors, drawing the victim to…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2014-06-17 Prateek Dewan , Anand Kashyap , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru