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A rollup network is a type of popular "Layer 2" scaling solution for general purpose "Layer 1" blockchains like Ethereum. Rollups networks separate execution of transactions from other aspects like consensus, processing transactions off of…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Francisco Gomes Figueira , Martin Derka , Ching Lun Chiu , Jan Gorzny

Increasing the transactional throughput of decentralized blockchains in a secure manner has been the holy grail of blockchain research for most of the past decade. This paper introduces a scheme for scaling blockchains while retaining…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-07-27 John Adler , Mikerah Quintyne-Collins

Since the emergence of Ethereum, blockchain-based decentralized applications (DApps) have become increasingly popular and important. To balance the security, performance, and costs, a DApp typically consists of two layers: an on-chain layer…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-09-08 Wuqi Zhang , Lili Wei , Shuqing Li , Yepang Liu , Shing-Chi Cheung

We propose LazyLedger, a design for distributed ledgers where the blockchain is optimised for solely ordering and guaranteeing the availability of transaction data. Responsibility for executing and validating transactions is shifted to only…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-06-11 Mustafa Al-Bassam

Most permissionless blockchain networks run on peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, which offer flexibility and decentralization at the expense of performance (e.g., network latency). Historically, this tradeoff has not been a bottleneck for most…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-09-13 Weizhao Tang , Lucianna Kiffer , Giulia Fanti , Ari Juels

A big challenge posed in blockchain centric platforms is achieving scalability while also preserving user privacy. This report details the design, implementation and evaluation of a Layer-2 scaling solution for Hyperledger Fabric using Zero…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Sania Siddiqui , Neha , Hari Babu K

Blockchains have revolutionized decentralized applications, with composability enabling atomic, trustless interactions across smart contracts. However, layer 2 (L2) scalability solutions like rollups introduce fragmentation and hinder…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-10 Ioannis Kaklamanis , Fan Zhang

Cryptocurrencies are poised to revolutionize the modern economy by democratizing commerce. These currencies operate on top of blockchain-based distributed ledgers. Existing permissionless blockchain-based protocols offer unparalleled…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-03-25 Anurag Jain , Sanidhay Arora , Sankarshan Damle , Sujit Gujar

Limited scalability and transaction costs are, among others, some of the critical issues that hamper a wider adoption of distributed ledger technologies (DLT). That is particularly true for the Ethereum blockchain, which, so far, has been…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2022-08-17 Simone Bottoni , Anwitaman Datta , Federico Franzoni , Emanuele Ragnoli , Roberto Ripamonti , Christian Rondanini , Gokhan Sagirlar , Alberto Trombetta

Blockchain and blockchain-inspired decentralized applications are on the rise thanks to their unique characteristics such as their decentralized nature, anonymity, and tamper-proof nature; however, blockchain transactions tend to experience…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Yi Lyu

Blockchain technology, a foundational distributed ledger system, enables secure and transparent multi-party transactions. Despite its advantages, blockchain networks are susceptible to anomalies and frauds, posing significant risks to their…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Joerg Osterrieder , Stephen Chan , Jeffrey Chu , Yuanyuan Zhang , Branka Hadji Misheva , Codruta Mare

In a blockchain Data Availability Attack (DAA), a malicious node publishes a block header but withholds part of the block, which contains invalid transactions. Honest full nodes, which can download and store the full blockchain, are aware…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-05-03 Massimo Battaglioni , Paolo Santini , Giulia Rafaiani , Franco Chiaraluce , Marco Baldi

Accountability, the ability to provably identify protocol violators, gained prominence as the main economic argument for the security of proof-of-stake (PoS) protocols. Rollups, the most popular scaling solution for blockchains, typically…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-11-08 Ertem Nusret Tas , John Adler , Mustafa Al-Bassam , Ismail Khoffi , David Tse , Nima Vaziri

Bitcoin is a decentralised digital currency that serves as an alternative to existing transaction systems based on an external central authority for security. Although Bitcoin has many desirable properties, one of its fundamental…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-10-07 Georgios Birmpas , Elias Koutsoupias , Philip Lazos , Francisco J. Marmolejo-Cossío

Light clients, also known as Simple Payment Verification (SPV) clients, are nodes which only download a small portion of the data in a blockchain, and use indirect means to verify that a given chain is valid. Typically, instead of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-05-28 Mustafa Al-Bassam , Alberto Sonnino , Vitalik Buterin

Blockchain-based decentralised lending is a rapidly growing and evolving alternative to traditional lending, but it poses new risks. To mitigate these risks, lending protocols have integrated automated risk management tools into their smart…

风险管理 · 定量金融 2025-10-02 Erum Iftikhar , Wei Wei , John Cartlidge

In this paper we describe LUNES-Blockchain, an agent-based simulator of blockchains that relies on Parallel and Distributed Simulation (PADS) techniques to obtain high scalability. The software is organized as a multi-level simulator that…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-09-20 Luca Serena , Gabriele D'Angelo , Stefano Ferretti

Permisionless decentralized ledgers ("blockchains") such as the one underlying the cryptocurrency Bitcoin allow anonymous participants to maintain the ledger, while avoiding control or "censorship" by any single entity. In contrast,…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2016-06-27 Maurice Herlihy , Mark Moir

Blockchain is a form of distributed ledger technology (DLT) where data is shared among users connected over the internet. Transactions are data state changes on the blockchain that are permanently recorded in a secure and transparent way…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-06-18 Amirmohammad Pasdar , Zhongli Dong , Young Choon Lee

Optimistic Rollups (ORUs) significantly enhance blockchain scalability but inherently suffer from the verifier's dilemma, particularly concerning validator attentiveness. Current systems lack mechanisms to proactively ensure validators are…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-18 Suhyeon Lee , Yeongju Bak