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To understand the learning process in brains, biologically plausible algorithms have been explored by modeling the detailed neuron properties and dynamics. On the other hand, simplified multi-layer models of neural networks have shown great…

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) provide state-of-the-art performance in processing sequential data but are memory intensive to train, limiting the flexibility of RNN models which can be trained. Reversible RNNs---RNNs for which the…

Numerical simulation of time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) is central to scientific and engineering applications, but high-fidelity solvers are often prohibitively expensive for long-horizon or time-critical settings.…

Hardware-based spiking neural networks (SNNs) are regarded as promising candidates for the cognitive computing system due to low power consumption and highly parallel operation. In this work, we train the SNN in which the firing time…

Analog in-memory computing (AIMC) -- a promising approach for energy-efficient acceleration of deep learning workloads -- computes matrix-vector multiplications (MVMs) but only approximately, due to nonidealities that often are…

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) can be used for implementing cost-efficient artificial intelligence computing or mechanistic modelling of experimentally observed neural data. In the latter, fitting neural data with recurrent SNNs (RSNNs)…

Recurrent neural networks have gained widespread use in modeling sequential data. Learning long-term dependencies using these models remains difficult though, due to exploding or vanishing gradients. In this paper, we draw connections…

Deep learning has triggered explosive growth in the demand for specialized hardware processors, thus motivating the development of scalable and reconfigurable computing substrates. Optical processors offer a fundamentally different…

Neural networks are an increasingly attractive algorithm for natural language processing and pattern recognition. Deep networks with >50M parameters are made possible by modern GPU clusters operating at <50 pJ per op and more recently,…

Neural coupling in both neuroscience and artificial intelligence emerges as dynamic oscillatory patterns that encode abstract concepts. To this end, we hypothesize that a deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms governing brain rhythms…

Neural systems use the same underlying computational substrate to carry out analog filtering and signal processing operations, as well as discrete symbol manipulation and digital computation. Inspired by the computational principles of…

Spiking Neural Networks are often touted as brain-inspired learning models for the third wave of Artificial Intelligence. Although recent SNNs trained with supervised backpropagation show classification accuracy comparable to deep networks,…

Optical neural network (ONN) has been attracting intense attention owing to their low latency and low-power consumption. Among the ONNs, optical recurrent neural network (RNN) enables low-power and high-speed time-series data processing…

Surrogate modeling of non-linear oscillator networks remains challenging due to discrepancies between simplified analytical models and real-world complexity. To bridge this gap, we investigate hybrid reservoir computing, combining reservoir…

Sequence modeling is a critical yet challenging task with wide-ranging applications, especially in time series forecasting for domains like weather prediction, temperature monitoring, and energy load forecasting. Transformers, with their…

Hardware-aware training (HAT) is widely used to improve the robustness of neural networks on non-ideal AI accelerators, such as analog in-memory computing (IMC) systems. However, not all hardware-induced distortions are equally compensable…

Optical neural networks (ONNs) perform extensive computations using photons instead of electrons, resulting in passively energy-efficient and low-latency computing. Among various ONNs, the diffractive optical neural networks (DONNs)…

The increasing computational demands of modern AI systems have exposed fundamental limitations of digital hardware, driving interest in alternative paradigms for efficient large-scale inference. Dense Associative Memory (DenseAM) is a…

Edge computing scenarios necessitate the development of hardware-efficient online continual learning algorithms to be adaptive to dynamic environment. However, existing algorithms always suffer from high memory overhead and bias towards…

We develop a parametric error model to construct a digital twin of a superconducting transmon qubit device. The model parameters are extracted from hardware calibration data and supplementary benchmarking circuits, providing a dynamic,…