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Reasoning in large language models has long been a central research focus, and recent studies employing reinforcement learning (RL) have introduced diverse methods that yield substantial performance gains with minimal or even no external…

Stochastic approximation is a class of algorithms that update a vector iteratively, incrementally, and stochastically, including, e.g., stochastic gradient descent and temporal difference learning. One fundamental challenge in analyzing a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-06 Shuze Daniel Liu , Shuhang Chen , Shangtong Zhang

In this work, we study model-based reinforcement learning (RL) in unknown stabilizable linear dynamical systems. When learning a dynamical system, one needs to stabilize the unknown dynamics in order to avoid system blow-ups. We propose an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-06 Sahin Lale , Kamyar Azizzadenesheli , Babak Hassibi , Anima Anandkumar

Reinforcement learning (RL) is ubiquitous in the development of modern AI systems. However, state-of-the-art RL agents require extensive, and potentially unsafe, interactions with their environments to learn effectively. These limitations…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-01 Yarden As , Bhavya Sukhija , Lenart Treven , Carmelo Sferrazza , Stelian Coros , Andreas Krause

VLA models have achieved remarkable progress in embodied intelligence; however, their evaluation remains largely confined to simulations or highly constrained real-world settings. This mismatch creates a substantial reality gap, where…

In recent years, autonomous driving systems have made significant progress, yet ensuring their safety remains a key challenge. To this end, scenario-based testing offers a practical solution, and simulation-based methods have gained…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Jiahui Wu , Chengjie Lu , Aitor Arrieta , Shaukat Ali

Large language models (LLMs) deployed in real-world agentic applications must be capable of replanning and adapting when mid-task disruptions invalidate their prior decisions. Existing dynamic benchmarks primarily measure whether LLMs can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Tingfeng Hui , Hao Xu , Pengyu Zhu , Hongsheng Xin , Kun Zhan , Sen Su , Chunxiao Liu , Ning Miao

As reasoning capacity and deployment scope grow in tandem, large language models (LLMs) gain the capacity to engage in behaviors that serve their own objectives, a class of risks we term Emergent Strategic Reasoning Risks (ESRRs). These…

The existence of adversarial data examples has drawn significant attention in the deep-learning community; such data are seemingly minimally perturbed relative to the original data, but lead to very different outputs from a deep-learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-11-12 Bai Li , Changyou Chen , Wenlin Wang , Lawrence Carin

As reinforcement learning (RL) achieves more success in solving complex tasks, more care is needed to ensure that RL research is reproducible and that algorithms herein can be compared easily and fairly with minimal bias. RL results are,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-09-12 Nicolai A. Lynnerup , Laura Nolling , Rasmus Hasle , John Hallam

Massively parallel GPU simulation environments have accelerated reinforcement learning (RL) research by enabling fast data collection for on-policy RL algorithms like Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). To maximize throughput, it is common…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Sid Bharthulwar , Stone Tao , Hao Su

In domains such as finance, healthcare, and robotics, managing worst-case scenarios is critical, as failure to do so can lead to catastrophic outcomes. Distributional Reinforcement Learning (DRL) provides a natural framework to incorporate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Mehrdad Moghimi , Hyejin Ku

Evaluation of deep reinforcement learning (RL) is inherently challenging. In particular, learned policies are largely opaque, and hypotheses about the behavior of deep RL agents are difficult to test in black-box environments. Considerable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-05-09 Emma Tosch , Kaleigh Clary , John Foley , David Jensen

The development of large, software-intensive systems is a complex undertaking that we generally tackle by a divide and conquer strategy. Companies thereby face the challenge of coordinating individual aspects of software development, in…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-08-16 Michael Unterkalmsteiner , Tony Gorschek , Robert Feldt , Eriks Klotins

Robots often need to learn the human's reward function online, during the current interaction. This real-time learning requires fast but approximate learning rules: when the human's behavior is noisy or suboptimal, current approximations…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-01-05 Shaunak A. Mehta , Forrest Meng , Andrea Bajcsy , Dylan P. Losey

Symbolic Regression (SR) is a powerful technique for discovering interpretable mathematical expressions. However, benchmarking SR methods remains challenging due to the diversity of algorithms, datasets, and evaluation criteria. In this…

Recent work shows that reinforcement learning(RL) can markedly sharpen the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs) by prompting them to "think before answering." Yet whether and how these gains transfer to audio-language reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-30 Cheng Wen , Tingwei Guo , Shuaijiang Zhao , Wei Zou , Xiangang Li

Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL) have shown much promise across a variety of applications. However, issues such as scalability, explainability, and Markovian assumptions limit its applicability in certain domains. We observe…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-17 Kaustuv Mukherji , Devendra Parkar , Lahari Pokala , Dyuman Aditya , Paulo Shakarian , Clark Dorman

Fine-tuning well-aligned large language models (LLMs) on new domains often degrades their safety alignment, even when using benign datasets. Existing safety alignment techniques primarily focus on pretraining, leaving fine-tuned models…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Thong Bach , Truyen Tran

In the rapidly evolving domain of Recommender Systems (RecSys), new algorithms frequently claim state-of-the-art performance based on evaluations over a limited set of arbitrarily selected datasets. However, this approach may fail to…