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Large language models (LLMs) offer strong capabilities but raise cost and privacy concerns, whereas small language models (SLMs) facilitate efficient and private local inference yet suffer from limited capacity. To synergize the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Hang Zeng , Xiangyu Liu , Yong Hu , Chaoyue Niu , Jiarui Zhang , Shaojie Tang , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Activation-based steering enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to exhibit targeted behaviors by intervening on intermediate activations without retraining. Despite its widespread use, the mechanistic factors that govern when steering…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Mehdi Jafari , Hao Xue , Flora Salim

Do large language models (LLMs) exhibit sociodemographic biases, even when they decline to respond? To bypass their refusal to "speak," we study this research question by probing contextualized embeddings and exploring whether this bias is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-01 Raphael Tang , Xinyu Zhang , Jimmy Lin , Ferhan Ture

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit distinct and consistent personalities that greatly impact trust and engagement. While this means that personality frameworks would be highly valuable tools to characterize and control LLMs' behavior,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-19 Michel Frising , Daniel Balcells

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been transformative. They are pre-trained foundational models that are self-supervised and can be adapted with fine tuning to a wide range of natural language tasks, each of which previously would have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-22 Terrence Sejnowski

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as gateways to information, yet their content moderation practices remain underexplored. This work investigates the extent to which LLMs refuse to answer or omit information when…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-08 Sander Noels , Guillaume Bied , Maarten Buyl , Alexander Rogiers , Yousra Fettach , Jefrey Lijffijt , Tijl De Bie

The task of persona-steered text generation requires large language models (LLMs) to generate text that reflects the distribution of views that an individual fitting a persona could have. People have multifaceted personas, but prior work on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Andy Liu , Mona Diab , Daniel Fried

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly incorporated into everyday life for many internet users, taking on significant roles as advice givers in the domains of medicine, personal relationships, and even legal matters. The…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Nicole Smith-Vaniz , Harper Lyon , Lorraine Steigner , Ben Armstrong , Nicholas Mattei

Auditing Large Language Models (LLMs) to discover their biases and preferences is an emerging challenge in creating Responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI). While various methods have been proposed to elicit the preferences of such models,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-12 Leif Azzopardi , Yashar Moshfeghi

Humans shift between different personas depending on social context. Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate a similar flexibility in adopting different personas and behaviors. Existing approaches, however, typically adapt such behavior…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Ruimeng Ye , Zihan Wang , Zinan Ling , Yang Xiao , Manling Li , Xiaolong Ma , Bo Hui

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a lucrative promise for scalable content moderation, including hate speech detection. However, they are also known to be brittle and biased against marginalised communities and dialects. This requires…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Ananya Malik , Kartik Sharma , Shaily Bhatt , Lynnette Hui Xian Ng

Detecting hateful content is a challenging and important problem. Automated tools, like machine-learning models, can help, but they require continuous training to adapt to the ever-changing landscape of social media. In this work, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-06 Jay Patel , Hrudayangam Mehta , Jeremy Blackburn

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a major step toward artificial general intelligence, significantly advancing our ability to interact with technology. While LLMs perform well on Natural Language Processing tasks -- such as…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-15 Brandon Smith , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Tahsin Alamgir Kheya , Phillip Dawson , Sunil Aryal

As robots acquire increasingly sophisticated skills and see increasingly complex and varied environments, the threat of an edge case or anomalous failure is ever present. For example, Tesla cars have seen interesting failure modes ranging…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-09-13 Amine Elhafsi , Rohan Sinha , Christopher Agia , Edward Schmerling , Issa Nesnas , Marco Pavone

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence, demonstrating remarkable computational power and linguistic capabilities. However, these models are inherently prone to various biases stemming from their training…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Riccardo Cantini , Giada Cosenza , Alessio Orsino , Domenico Talia

While advances in fairness and alignment have helped mitigate overt biases exhibited by large language models (LLMs) when explicitly prompted, we hypothesize that these models may still exhibit implicit biases when simulating human…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-30 Yuxuan Li , Hirokazu Shirado , Sauvik Das

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly explored as general-purpose reasoners, particularly in agentic contexts. However, their outputs remain prone to mathematical and logical errors. This is especially challenging in open-ended…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Agnieszka Mensfelt , Kostas Stathis , Vince Trencsenyi

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly tasked with strategic decision-making under incomplete information, such as in negotiation and policymaking. While LLMs can excel at many such tasks, they also fail in ways that are poorly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Jan Sobotka , Mustafa O. Karabag , Ufuk Topcu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in simulating human behaviour and social intelligence. However, they risk perpetuating societal biases, especially when demographic information is involved. We introduce…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-06-11 Bryan Chen Zhengyu Tan , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of instruction-following tasks, yet their grasp of nuanced social science concepts remains underexplored. This paper examines whether LLMs can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-28 Ilias Chalkidis , Stephanie Brandl , Paris Aslanidis