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With the integration of image modality, the semantic space of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) is more complex than text-only models, making their interpretability more challenging and their alignment less stable, particularly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Hantao Lou , Changye Li , Jiaming Ji , Yaodong Yang

Sparse auto-encoders (SAEs) have re-emerged as a prominent method for mechanistic interpretability, yet they face two significant challenges: the non-smoothness of the $L_1$ penalty, which hinders reconstruction and scalability, and a lack…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Ouns El Harzli , Hugo Wallner , Yoonsoo Nam , Haixuan Xavier Tao

We present Universal Sparse Autoencoders (USAEs), a framework for uncovering and aligning interpretable concepts spanning multiple pretrained deep neural networks. Unlike existing concept-based interpretability methods, which focus on a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Harrish Thasarathan , Julian Forsyth , Thomas Fel , Matthew Kowal , Konstantinos G. Derpanis

Recent work on sparse autoencoders (SAEs) has shown promise in extracting interpretable features from neural networks and addressing challenges with polysemantic neurons caused by superposition. In this paper, we apply SAEs to the early…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Liv Gorton

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have been proposed as an unsupervised approach to learn a decomposition of a model's latent space. This enables useful applications such as steering - influencing the output of a model towards a desired concept -…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Dana Arad , Aaron Mueller , Yonatan Belinkov

Sparse Autoencoders have emerged as powerful tools for interpreting the internal representations of Large Language Models, yet they often fail to capture domain-specific features not prevalent in their training corpora. This paper…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-18 Nikita Koriagin , Yaroslav Aksenov , Daniil Laptev , Gleb Gerasimov , Nikita Balagansky , Daniil Gavrilov

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are a promising technique for decomposing language model activations into interpretable linear features. However, current SAEs fall short of completely explaining model performance, resulting in "dark matter":…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-26 Joshua Engels , Logan Riggs , Max Tegmark

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have become an important tool in mechanistic interpretability, helping to analyze internal representations in both Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Transformers (ViTs). By decomposing polysemantic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Jakub Stępień , Marcin Mazur , Jacek Tabor , Przemysław Spurek

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) extract human-interpretable features from deep neural networks by transforming their activations into a sparse, higher dimensional latent space, and then reconstructing the activations from these latents.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-13 Gonçalo Paulo , Stepan Shabalin , Nora Belrose

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have demonstrated significant success in interpreting Large Language Models (LLMs) by decomposing dense representations into sparse, semantic components. However, their potential for analyzing Vision Transformers…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-30 Ahyoung Oh , Wonseok Shin , Songkuk Kim

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a predominant tool in mechanistic interpretability, aiming to identify interpretable monosemantic features. However, how does sparse encoding organize the representations of activation vector from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Wenjie Sun , Bingzhe Wu , Zhile Yang , Chengke Wu

Scientific archives now contain hundreds of petabytes of data across genomics, ecology, climate, and molecular biology that could reveal undiscovered patterns if systematically analyzed at scale. Large-scale, weakly-supervised datasets in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Samuel Stevens , Jacob Beattie , Tanya Berger-Wolf , Yu Su

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have been applied to large language models and protein language models, but not systematically to electronic health record (EHR) foundation models. We train TopK SAEs on FlatASCEND, a 14.5-million-parameter…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Chris Sainsbury , Feng Dong , Andreas Karwath

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a promising approach in language model interpretability, offering unsupervised extraction of sparse features. For interpretability methods to succeed, they must identify abstract features across…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-08 Lovis Heindrich , Philip Torr , Fazl Barez , Veronika Thost

Adapting foundation models for specific purposes has become a standard approach to build machine learning systems for downstream applications. Yet, it is an open question which mechanisms take place during adaptation. Here we develop a new…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-24 Hyesu Lim , Jinho Choi , Jaegul Choo , Steffen Schneider

Large language models have achieved remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet their internal decision-making processes remain largely opaque, limiting our ability to inspect, control, and systematically improve them. This opacity…

Diffusion models have become the go-to method for text-to-image generation, producing high-quality images from pure noise. However, the inner workings of diffusion models is still largely a mystery due to their black-box nature and complex,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-23 Berk Tinaz , Zalan Fabian , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are useful for detecting and steering interpretable features in neural networks, with particular potential for understanding complex multimodal representations. Given their ability to uncover interpretable…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Vladimir Zaigrajew , Hubert Baniecki , Przemyslaw Biecek

Deep learning, particularly with the advancement of Large Language Models, has transformed biomolecular modeling, with protein language models such as ESM inspiring emerging RNA language models such as RiNALMo. Recent work has begun…

生物大分子 · 定量生物学 2026-05-18 Taehan Kim , Sangdae Nam

What latent features are encoded in language model (LM) representations? Recent work on training sparse autoencoders (SAEs) to disentangle interpretable features in LM representations has shown significant promise. However, evaluating the…