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Large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities in generation tasks but are prone to producing harmful, misleading, or biased content, posing significant ethical and safety concerns. To mitigate such risks, representation…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-17 Zeqing He , Zhibo Wang , Huiyu Xu , Hejun Lin , Wenhui Zhang , Zhixuan Chu

Activation steering methods control large language model (LLM) behavior by modifying internal activations at inference time. However, most existing activation steering methods rely on a fixed steering strength, leading to either…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-16 Arthur Vogels , Benjamin Wong , Yann Choho , Annabelle Blangero , Milan Bhan

A key challenge in AI alignment is guiding large language models (LLMs) to follow desired behaviors at test time. Activation steering, which modifies internal model activations during inference, offers a potential solution. However, prior…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Reza Bayat , Ali Rahimi-Kalahroudi , Mohammad Pezeshki , Sarath Chandar , Pascal Vincent

This paper investigates how Large Language Models (LLMs) represent non-English tokens -- a question that remains underexplored despite recent progress. We propose a lightweight intervention method using representation steering, where a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-27 Omar Mahmoud , Buddhika Laknath Semage , Thommen George Karimpanal , Santu Rana

Inference-time intervention (ITI) has emerged as a promising method for steering large language model (LLM) behavior in a particular direction (e.g., improving helpfulness) by intervening on token representations without costly updates to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-10 Duy Nguyen , Archiki Prasad , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal

Representation steering offers a lightweight mechanism for controlling the behavior of large language models (LLMs) by intervening on internal activations at inference time. Most existing methods rely on a single global steering direction,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Laziz U. Abdullaev , Noelle Y. L. Wong , Ryan T. Z. Lee , Shiqi Jiang , Khoi N. M. Nguyen , Tan M. Nguyen

Controlling multiple behavioral attributes in large language models (LLMs) at inference time is a challenging problem due to interference between attributes and the limitations of linear steering methods, which assume additive behavior in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Narmeen Oozeer , Luke Marks , Shreyans Jain , Fazl Barez , Amirali Abdullah

Steering, or direct manipulation of internal activations to guide LLM responses toward specific semantic concepts, is emerging as a promising avenue for both understanding how semantic concepts are stored within LLMs and advancing LLM…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Parmida Davarmanesh , Ashia Wilson , Adityanarayanan Radhakrishnan

Controlling specific behaviors in large language models while preserving their general capabilities is a central challenge for safe and reliable artificial intelligence deployment. Current steering methods, such as vector addition and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 Hieu M. Vu , Tan M. Nguyen

Multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have garnered attention for their potential to extend language coverage globally. While self-supervised learning (SSL) models, like MMS, have demonstrated their effectiveness in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-30 Hongfei Xue , Qijie Shao , Kaixun Huang , Peikun Chen , Jie Liu , Lei Xie

Aligned representations across languages is a desired property in multilingual large language models (mLLMs), as alignment can improve performance in cross-lingual tasks. Typically alignment requires fine-tuning a model, which is…

Activation steering methods were shown to be effective in conditioning language model generation by additively intervening over models' intermediate representations. However, the evaluation of these techniques has so far been limited to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-02 Daniel Scalena , Gabriele Sarti , Malvina Nissim

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but controlling their behavior reliably remains challenging, especially in open-ended generation settings. This paper…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-08 Zirui He , Mingyu Jin , Bo Shen , Ali Payani , Yongfeng Zhang , Mengnan Du

Large Language Models (LLMs) often generate inconsistent responses when prompted with semantically equivalent paraphrased inputs. Recently, activation steering, a technique that modulates LLMs' behaviours by adjusting their latent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-23 Jingyuan Yang , Rongjun Li , Weixuan Wang , Ziyu Zhou , Zhiyong Feng , Wei Peng

Large language models (LLMs) can memorize and reproduce training sequences verbatim -- a tendency that undermines both generalization and privacy. Existing mitigation methods apply interventions uniformly, degrading performance on the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Xuanqi Zhang , Haoyang Shang , Xiaoxiao Li

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) often exhibit significant modality preference, which is a tendency to favor one modality over another. Depending on the input, they may over-rely on linguistic priors relative to visual evidence, or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-16 Zihan Huang , Xintong Li , Rohan Surana , Tong Yu , Rui Wang , Julian McAuley , Jingbo Shang , Junda Wu

Steering methods for language models (LMs) seek to provide fine-grained and interpretable control over model generations by variously changing model inputs, weights, or representations to adjust behavior. Recent work has shown that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Zhengxuan Wu , Qinan Yu , Aryaman Arora , Christopher D. Manning , Christopher Potts

Activation steering has emerged as a powerful method for guiding the behavior of generative models towards desired outcomes such as toxicity mitigation. However, most existing methods apply interventions uniformly across all inputs,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-04 Alex Ferrando , Xavier Suau , Jordi Gonzàlez , Pau Rodriguez

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly advanced visual tasks by integrating visual representations into large language models (LLMs). The textual modality, inherited from LLMs, equips MLLMs with abilities like…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-01-08 Jinhe Bi , Yujun Wang , Haokun Chen , Xun Xiao , Artur Hecker , Volker Tresp , Yunpu Ma

Despite the impressive performance recently achieved by automatic speech recognition (ASR), we observe two primary challenges that hinder its broader applications: (1) The difficulty of introducing scalability into the model to support more…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-06-29 Zhongzhi Yu , Yang Zhang , Kaizhi Qian , Yonggan Fu , Yingyan Lin
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