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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied as automatic evaluators for natural language generation assessment often using pairwise comparative judgements. Existing approaches typically rely on single judges or aggregate multiple…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Mengjie Qian , Guangzhi Sun , Mark J. F. Gales , Kate M. Knill

The use of large language models (LLMs) as automated evaluation tools to assess the quality of generated natural language, known as LLMs-as-Judges, has demonstrated promising capabilities and is rapidly gaining widespread attention.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Haitao Li , Junjie Chen , Qingyao Ai , Zhumin Chu , Yujia Zhou , Qian Dong , Yiqun Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used as proxies for human labelers in both training (Reinforcement Learning from AI Feedback) and large-scale response evaluation (LLM-as-a-judge). Alignment and evaluation are critical components in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-22 Tuhina Tripathi , Manya Wadhwa , Greg Durrett , Scott Niekum

Large Language Models are cognitively biased judges. Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently been shown to be effective as automatic evaluators with simple prompting and in-context learning. In this work, we assemble 15 LLMs of four…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-26 Ryan Koo , Minhwa Lee , Vipul Raheja , Jong Inn Park , Zae Myung Kim , Dongyeop Kang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as promising solutions for a variety of medical and clinical decision support applications. However, LLMs are often subject to different types of biases, which can lead to unfair treatment of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-23 Raphael Poulain , Hamed Fayyaz , Rahmatollah Beheshti

Learning to rank systems has become an important aspect of our daily life. However, the implicit user feedback that is used to train many learning to rank models is usually noisy and suffered from user bias (i.e., position bias). Thus,…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2021-08-12 Anh Tran , Tao Yang , Qingyao Ai

Alignment of large language models remains a central challenge in natural language processing. Preference optimization has emerged as a popular and effective method for improving alignment, typically through training-time or prompt-based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Frédéric Berdoz , Luca A. Lanzendörfer , René Caky , Roger Wattenhofer

Nowadays, the quality of responses generated by different modern large language models (LLMs) is hard to evaluate and compare automatically. Recent studies suggest and predominantly use LLMs for reference-free evaluation of open-ended…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-03 Ruosen Li , Teerth Patel , Xinya Du

Iterative preference optimization has recently become one of the de-facto training paradigms for large language models (LLMs), but the performance is still underwhelming due to too much noisy preference data yielded in the loop. To combat…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-18 Jianing Wang , Yang Zhou , Xiaocheng Zhang , Mengjiao Bao , Peng Yan

"LLM-as-a-judge," which utilizes large language models (LLMs) as evaluators, has proven effective in many evaluation tasks. However, evaluator LLMs exhibit numerical bias, a phenomenon where certain evaluation scores are generated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Ayako Sato , Hwichan Kim , Zhousi Chen , Masato Mita , Mamoru Komachi

As humans, we consistently interact with our peers and receive feedback in the form of natural language. This language feedback allows us to maintain appropriate behavior, and rectify potential errors. The question arises naturally: can we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Weiwen Xu , Deng Cai , Zhisong Zhang , Wai Lam , Shuming Shi

The capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) are routinely evaluated by other LLMs trained to predict human preferences. This framework--known as LLM-as-a-judge--is highly scalable and relatively low cost. However, it is also vulnerable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Lisa Alazraki , Tan Yi-Chern , Jon Ander Campos , Maximilian Mozes , Marek Rei , Max Bartolo

Large language models (LLMs) are being widely applied across various fields, but as tasks become more complex, evaluating their responses is increasingly challenging. Compared to human evaluators, the use of LLMs to support performance…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-04-25 Yuran Li , Jama Hussein Mohamud , Chongren Sun , Di Wu , Benoit Boulet

In this paper, we investigate the potential of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) for grading Unified Modeling Language (UML) class diagrams. In contrast to existing work, which primarily evaluates proprietary LLMs, we focus on…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Matthijs Jansen op de Haar , Nacir Bouali , Faizan Ahmed

As LLM-as-a-Judge emerges as a new paradigm for assessing large language models (LLMs), concerns have been raised regarding the alignment, bias, and stability of LLM evaluators. While substantial work has focused on alignment and bias,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Qiujie Xie , Qingqiu Li , Zhuohao Yu , Yuejie Zhang , Yue Zhang , Linyi Yang

For unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA), to alleviate the effect of domain shift, many approaches align the source and target domains in the feature space by adversarial learning or by explicitly aligning their statistics. However, the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-03-26 Guoqiang Wei , Cuiling Lan , Wenjun Zeng , Zhibo Chen

Unsupervised domain adaption (UDA) aims to adapt models learned from a well-annotated source domain to a target domain, where only unlabeled samples are given. Current UDA approaches learn domain-invariant features by aligning source and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-02-15 Chunjiang Ge , Rui Huang , Mixue Xie , Zihang Lai , Shiji Song , Shuang Li , Gao Huang

Despite the remarkable success of Large Language Models (LLMs), evaluating their outputs' quality regarding preference remains a critical challenge. While existing works usually leverage a strong LLM as the judge for comparing LLMs'…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Zhengyu Hu , Jieyu Zhang , Zhihan Xiong , Alexander Ratner , Kaize Ding , Ranjay Krishna

LLM-as-a-Judge has emerged as a promising alternative to human evaluators across various tasks, yet inherent biases - particularly position bias, the tendency to favor solutions based on their position within the prompt - compromise its…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Lin Shi , Chiyu Ma , Wenhua Liang , Xingjian Diao , Weicheng Ma , Soroush Vosoughi

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used to evaluate the quality of LLM generations and responses, but this leads to significant challenges: high API costs, uncertain reliability, inflexible pipelines, and inherent biases. To address…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Tzu-Heng Huang , Harit Vishwakarma , Frederic Sala