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Characterizing errors in quantum circuits is essential for device calibration, yet detecting rare error events requires a large number of samples. This challenge is particularly severe in calibrating fault-tolerant, error-corrected…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-02-11 Han Zheng , Chia-Tung Chu , Senrui Chen , Argyris Giannisis Manes , Su-un Lee , Sisi Zhou , Liang Jiang

The characterization of quantum devices is crucial for their practical implementation but can be costly in experimental effort and classical postprocessing. Therefore, it is desirable to measure only the information that is relevant for…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-05-26 Thomas Wagner , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß , Martin Kliesch

Benchmarking physical devices and verifying logical algorithms are important tasks for scalable fault-tolerant quantum computing. Numerous protocols exist for benchmarking devices before running actual algorithms. In this work, we show that…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-02-05 Xiao Xiao , Dominik Hangleiter , Dolev Bluvstein , Mikhail D. Lukin , Michael J. Gullans

Typical studies of quantum error correction assume probabilistic Pauli noise, largely because it is relatively easy to analyze and simulate. Consequently, the effective logical noise due to physically realistic coherent errors is relatively…

Characterizing the error sources of quantum devices is essential for building reliable large-scale quantum architectures and tailoring error correction codes to the noise profile of the devices. Tomography techniques can provide detailed…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-04-30 Evangelia Takou , Kenneth R. Brown

Recent progress in fault-tolerant quantum computing suggests that leveraging error-syndrome information at the logical layer can substantially improve performance, including the estimation of logical observables from noisy states. In this…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-06 Kento Tsubouchi , Hyukgun Kwon , Liang Jiang , Nobuyuki Yoshioka

Quantum error correction allows to actively correct errors occurring in a quantum computation when the noise is weak enough. To make this error correction competitive information about the specific noise is required. Traditionally, this…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-04-07 Thomas Wagner , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß , Martin Kliesch

The performance of quantum error correction can be significantly improved if detailed information about the noise is available, allowing to optimize both codes and decoders. It has been proposed to estimate error rates from the syndrome…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-09-21 Thomas Wagner , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß , Martin Kliesch

Studies of quantum error correction (QEC) typically focus on stochastic Pauli errors because the existence of a threshold error rate below which stochastic Pauli errors can be corrected implies that there exists a threshold below which…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-06-27 Stefanie J. Beale , Joel J. Wallman

Quantum error correcting code can diagnose potential errors and correct them based on measured outcomes by leveraging syndrome measurement. However, mid-circuit measurement has been technically challenging for early fault-tolerant quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-05-09 Yunzhe Zheng , Keita Kanno

We consider the surface code under errors featuring both coherent and incoherent components and study the coherence of the corresponding logical noise channel and how this impacts information-theoretic measures of code performance, namely…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-12-03 Jan Behrends , Benjamin Béri

Quantum error correction is necessary to perform large-scale quantum computations in the presence of noise and decoherence. As a result, several aspects of quantum error correction have already been explored. These have been primarily…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-08-05 Ariel Shlosberg , Anthony M. Polloreno , Graeme Smith

Advancing quantum information processors and building fault-tolerant architectures rely on the ability to accurately characterize the noise sources and suppress their impact on quantum devices. In practice, noise often drifts over time,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-11-13 Devansh Bhardwaj , Evangelia Takou , Yingjia Lin , Kenneth R. Brown

Quantum computers will eventually reach a size at which quantum error correction becomes imperative. Quantum information can be protected from qubit imperfections and flawed control operations by encoding a single logical qubit in multiple…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-03-15 N. M. Linke , M. Gutierrez , K. A. Landsman , C. Figgatt , S. Debnath , K. R. Brown , C. Monroe

With quantum devices rapidly approaching qualities and scales needed for fault tolerance, the validity of simplified error models underpinning the study of quantum error correction needs to be experimentally evaluated. In this work, we have…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-12-11 Spiro Gicev , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg , Muhammad Usman

Flag-style fault-tolerance has become a linchpin in the realization of small fault-tolerant quantum-error correction experiments. The flag protocol's utility hinges on low qubit overhead, which is typically much smaller than in other…

Characterization of quantum devices generates insights into their sources of disturbances. State-of-the-art characterization protocols often focus on incoherent noise and eliminate coherent errors when using Pauli or Clifford twirling…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-03-18 Noah Kaufmann , Ivan Rojkov , Florentin Reiter

As quantum computers approach the fault tolerance threshold, diagnosing and characterizing the noise on large scale quantum devices is increasingly important. One of the most important classes of noise channels is the class of Pauli…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-02-17 Robin Harper , Wenjun Yu , Steven T. Flammia

Extracting information efficiently from quantum systems is a major component of quantum information processing tasks. Randomized measurements, or classical shadows, enable predicting many properties of arbitrary quantum states using few…

Quantum error correction offers a promising path for performing quantum computations with low errors. Although a fully fault-tolerant execution of a quantum algorithm remains unrealized, recent experimental developments, along with…

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