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Efficient multi-hop reasoning requires Large Language Models (LLMs) based agents to acquire high-value external knowledge iteratively. Previous work has explored reinforcement learning (RL) to train LLMs to perform search-based document…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Ziliang Wang , Xuhui Zheng , Kang An , Cijun Ouyang , Jialu Cai , Yuhang Wang , Yichao Wu

Large Language Model (LLM)-based search agents have shown remarkable capabilities in solving complex tasks by dynamically decomposing problems and addressing them through interleaved reasoning and retrieval. However, this interleaved…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Tiannuo Yang , Zebin Yao , Bowen Jin , Lixiao Cui , Yusen Li , Gang Wang , Xiaoguang Liu

Autonomy via agents using large language models (LLMs) for personalized, standardized tasks boosts human efficiency. Automating web tasks (like booking hotels within a budget) is increasingly sought after. Fulfilling practical needs, the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Ke Yang , Yao Liu , Sapana Chaudhary , Rasool Fakoor , Pratik Chaudhari , George Karypis , Huzefa Rangwala

While reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated remarkable success in enhancing large language models (LLMs), it has primarily focused on single-turn tasks such as solving math problems. Training effective web agents for multi-turn…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Zhepei Wei , Wenlin Yao , Yao Liu , Weizhi Zhang , Qin Lu , Liang Qiu , Changlong Yu , Puyang Xu , Chao Zhang , Bing Yin , Hyokun Yun , Lihong Li

While recent advances in reasoning models have demonstrated cognitive behaviors through reinforcement learning, existing approaches struggle to invoke deep reasoning capabilities in multi-turn agents with long-horizon interactions. We…

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has transformed information access and reasoning through open-ended natural language interaction. However, LLMs remain limited by static knowledge, factual hallucinations, and the inability to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Minhua Lin , Zongyu Wu , Zhichao Xu , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Charu Aggarwal , Hui Liu , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

The emergence of large language model (LLM)-based agents has significantly advanced the development of autonomous machine learning (ML) engineering. However, the dominant prompt-based paradigm exhibits limitations: smaller models lack the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Zexi Liu , Jingyi Chai , Xinyu Zhu , Shuo Tang , Rui Ye , Bo Zhang , Lei Bai , Siheng Chen

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems empower large language models (LLMs) to access external knowledge during inference. Recent advances have enabled LLMs to act as search agents via reinforcement learning (RL), improving…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-06 Pengcheng Jiang , Xueqiang Xu , Jiacheng Lin , Jinfeng Xiao , Zifeng Wang , Jimeng Sun , Jiawei Han

Multi-step agentic retrieval systems based on large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in complex information search tasks. However, these systems still face significant challenges in practical applications,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-16 Chuzhan Hao , Wenfeng Feng , Yuewei Zhang , Hao Wang

Recent studies have explored integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with search engines to leverage both the LLMs' internal pre-trained knowledge and external information. Specially, reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Lang Mei , Zhihan Yang , Xiaohan Yu , Huanyao Zhang , Chong Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly evolved from text generators into powerful problem solvers. Yet, many open tasks demand critical thinking, multi-source, and verifiable outputs, which are beyond single-shot prompting or standard…

Solving long-horizon, temporally-extended tasks using Reinforcement Learning (RL) is challenging, compounded by the common practice of learning without prior knowledge (or tabula rasa learning). Humans can generate and execute plans with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-10 Bharat Prakash , Tim Oates , Tinoosh Mohsenin

Recent development of agents has renewed demand for long-context reasoning capacity of LLMs. However, training LLMs for this capacity requires costly long-document curation or heuristic context synthesis. We observe that agents produce…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Qisheng Su , Zhen Fang , Shiting Huang , Yu Zeng , Yiming Zhao , Kou Shi , Ziao Zhang , Lin Chen , Zehui Chen , Lijun Wu , Feng Zhao

Developing autonomous LLM agents capable of making a series of intelligent decisions to solve complex, real-world tasks is a fast-evolving frontier. Like human cognitive development, agents are expected to acquire knowledge and skills…

We investigate the potential of large language models (LLMs) to serve as efficient simulators for agentic search tasks in reinforcement learning (RL), thereby reducing dependence on costly interactions with external search engines. To this…

Deep research agents have shown remarkable potential in handling long-horizon tasks. However, state-of-the-art performance typically relies on online reinforcement learning (RL), which is financially expensive due to extensive API calls.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Yuhang Zhou , Kai Zheng , Qiguang Chen , Mengkang Hu , Qingfeng Sun , Can Xu , Jingjing Chen

From professional research to everyday planning, many tasks are bottlenecked by wide-scale information seeking, which is more repetitive than cognitively complex. With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), automated search…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Ryan Wong , Jiawei Wang , Junjie Zhao , Li Chen , Yan Gao , Long Zhang , Xuan Zhou , Zuo Wang , Kai Xiang , Ge Zhang , Wenhao Huang , Yang Wang , Ke Wang

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into healthcare is constrained by knowledge limitations, hallucinations, and a disconnect from Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM). While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) offers a solution,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Qiaoyu Zheng , Yuze Sun , Chaoyi Wu , Weike Zhao , Pengcheng Qiu , Yongguo Yu , Kun Sun , Jian Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Ya Zhang , Weidi Xie

Search agents are language models (LMs) that reason and search knowledge bases (or the web) to answer questions; recent methods supervise only the final answer accuracy using reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR). Most RLVR…

Driven by curiosity, humans have continually sought to explore and understand the world around them, leading to the invention of various tools to satiate this inquisitiveness. Despite not having the capacity to process and memorize vast…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-01-11 Haojie Pan , Zepeng Zhai , Hao Yuan , Yaojia Lv , Ruiji Fu , Ming Liu , Zhongyuan Wang , Bing Qin